The E3ME-FTT model is applied to assess the impacts of alternative climate club structures. We consider two kinds of climate club memberships: the World Climate Club (WCC), where every country in the world joins the club, and the Core Climate Club (CCC), with seven likely club members: EU[Formula: see text][Formula: see text][Formula: see text]5, Japan, South Korea, Canada, Brazil, Mexico, and Australia. First, we find that both the WCC and domestic revenue-neutral recycling matter a lot. The global CO2 emissions in 2050 could be reduced by 50% from BAU under the WCC. With domestic revenue-neutral recycling, there will be large positive impacts on GDP under both the WCC and the CCC. Secondly, the negative effects of trade sanctions on cumulative global GDP and global CO2 emissions make it unwelcome to be used as part of the club design. Lastly, the introduction of international transfers will result in a win–win solution that will not only increase the cumulative global GDP and reduce global CO2 emissions but also enhance the equality among club members and induce more likely participation in the climate club.

中文翻译：

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具有税收收入回收、关税和转移的气候俱乐部

E3ME-FTT 模型用于评估替代气候俱乐部结构的影响。我们考虑两种气候俱乐部会员资格：世界气候俱乐部（WCC），世界上每个国家都加入俱乐部，核心气候俱乐部（CCC），有七个可能的俱乐部成员：欧盟[公式：见文本][公式：见正文][公式：见正文]5、日本、韩国、加拿大、巴西、墨西哥、澳大利亚。首先，我们发现 WCC 和国内收入中性回收都很重要。根据 WCC，2050 年全球 CO2 排放量可从 BAU 减少 50%。随着国内收入中性回收，在 WCC 和 CCC 下，将对 GDP 产生巨大的积极影响。其次，贸易制裁对全球累计 GDP 和全球 CO2 排放的负面影响使其不被用作俱乐部设计的一部分。最后，