In sonata form, development sections are characterized by tonal, textural, and phrase-structural instability. But are these instabilities counterbalanced by regularity in other musical domains? Are any syntactic layers more consistent in developments, relative to expositions or recapitulations? This corpus study examined hypermeter in expositions and developments from eighteenth- and nineteenth-century symphonic sonata movements. It analyzed both hypermetrical shifts (where a hypermeasure's duration differs from that of the preceding group) and hypermetrical deviations (where a hypermeasure departs from the four-measure norm). Developments had significantly less hypermetrical irregularity than expositions. This difference between formal sections was observed with all composers in the corpus, though they used varied amounts of hypermetrical regularity overall. These results, which are likely related to sequence blocks in the developmental core, suggest that hypermetrical grouping might serve a stabilizing function in sonata developments.

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奏鸣曲形式的超长不规则性：语料库研究

在奏鸣曲形式中，发展部分的特点是音调、结构和乐句结构的不稳定。但是这些不稳定性是否被其他音乐领域的规律性抵消了？相对于说明或概括而言，任何句法层在发展中是否更加一致？这项语料库研究检查了 18 世纪和 19 世纪交响奏鸣曲乐章的阐释和发展中的超拍。它分析了超度量变化（超度量的持续时间与前一组的持续时间不同）和超度量偏差（超度量偏离四度量标准）。与博览会相比，开发项目的超测量不规则性明显减少。语料库中的所有作曲家都观察到了正式部分之间的这种差异，尽管他们总体上使用了不同数量的超测量规律。这些结果可能与发展核心中的序列块有关，表明超度量分组可能在奏鸣曲发展中起到稳定作用。