This study evaluates the relationship between people and birds in Mexico, a country where high cultural and biological diversity are reflected in the close associations between people and natural resources, recorded since pre-Hispanic times. It systematically reviews 1041 records of cultural use of wild birds in Mexico published between 1996–2017 and analyzes patterns of contemporary use of avifauna. It classifies information for 252 birds by grouping uses of species and families into 11 categories and quantifies overall use with a Cultural Value Index (CVI). The data show that birds have a high cultural value as food, pets, and for medicinal uses (312, 235, and 119 records, respectively), particularly in the state of Chiapas. Large edible birds had the highest CVIs and included Plain chachalacas (Ortalis vetula; 9.72), Black-bellied whistling-ducks (Dendrocygna autumnali; 6.65), Crested guams (Penelope purpurascens; 6.25), and Great currasows (Crax rubra; 6.23), with the Cracidae family recorded as favored gamebirds. Conspicuous, brightly-colored birds had high CVIs, including Keel-billed toucans (Ramphastos sulfuratus; 6.50), Red-lored amazons, (Amazona autumnalis; 6.03), and allied species, which were traded or kept as pets despite legal protection. The high CVIs of Barn owls (Tyto alba; 5.45) were related to medicinal uses, and Mourning doves (Zenaida macroura; 5.69) were mainly used as gamebirds. Wild bird populations face increasing pressure from habitat loss and overexploitation. We propose that evaluating the ethnological significance of wildlife with indices like CVIs can quantify the distinctive needs of rural communities, which when combined with information on conservation status can develop more sustainable species management plans.

中文翻译：

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评估鸟类当代文化用途的定量方法：墨西哥案例研究

这项研究评估了墨西哥人与鸟类之间的关系，墨西哥是一个高度文化和生物多样性反映在人与自然资源之间的密切联系中的国家，自前西班牙时代以来就有记录。它系统地回顾了 1996 年至 2017 年间在墨西哥发表的 1041 份野生鸟类文化利用记录，并分析了当代鸟类利用模式。它通过将物种和家庭的用途分为 11 个类别，对 252 只鸟类的信息进行分类，并使用文化价值指数 (CVI) 量化整体用途。数据显示，鸟类作为食物、宠物和药用具有很高的文化价值（分别有 312、235 和 119 条记录），尤其是在恰帕斯州。大型可食用鸟类的 CVI 最高，包括平原 chachalacas (Ortalis vetula; 9.72)，黑腹口哨鸭 (Dendrocygna fallali; 6.65)、凤头关岛 (Penelope purpurascens; 6.25) 和大 currasows (Crax rubra; 6.23)，Cracidae 家族被记录为受青睐的猎鸟。显眼、颜色鲜艳的鸟类具有较高的 CVI，包括龙骨嘴巨嘴鸟 (Ramphastossulfatus; 6.50)、红腹亚马孙 (Amazona fallalis; 6.03) 和近亲物种，尽管受到法律保护，它们仍被作为宠物交易或饲养。谷仓猫头鹰（Tyto alba；5.45）的高 CVI 与药用有关，而哀鸽（Zenaida macroura；5.69）主要用作猎鸟。野生鸟类种群面临栖息地丧失和过度开发的压力越来越大。我们建议使用 CVI 等指数评估野生动物的民族学意义，可以量化农村社区的独特需求，