In this article, we examine the strategies behind the acquisition and reduction of black obsidian found in rock shelters and shell middens from the north coast of the Santa Cruz Province, in Argentine Patagonia. Geochemical analyses performed on black obsidian artifacts from this area posit the long-distance circulation of this raw material given its source at Pampa del Asador, located approximately 400 km to the west. In a previous article, we suggested that evidence for the initial knapping of obsidian pebbles, added to the identification of artifacts with high cortex percentage, implied that obtaining pieces of said raw material would have been based on pebble morphologies. Here we expand on this proposal, contending that this was the case at least for Late Holocene occupational contexts. During the Middle Holocene an exceptionally low representation of very small-sized debris without cortical reserve was observed; cores and tools were not registered. Knapping activities related to intermediate technical steps in the framework of core reduction and blank production were evidenced, including small and very small flakes as well as bifacial preforms. We inferred that obsidian pieces probably entered into these Middle Holocene sites as part of personal toolkits, cores and bifacial artifacts without cortex, within the framework of exploratory incursions into the area. For the Late Holocene occupations, taking into consideration the presence of obsidian pebbles, of similar dimensions to those registered at the source itself, we suggest that their procurement would have occurred through various mechanisms, such as the establishment and strengthening of social relations within the context of mobility circuits that would have linked the coast to the interior, among other factors.

中文翻译：

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圣克鲁斯省（阿根廷巴塔哥尼亚）北部海岸的黑曜石采购策略和流通：人员流动和互动

在本文中，我们研究了在阿根廷巴塔哥尼亚圣克鲁斯省北海岸的岩石掩体和贝壳中发现的黑曜石的获取和减少背后的策略。对该地区的黑曜石文物进行的地球化学分析表明，这种原材料的源头位于距西部约 400 公里的 Pampa del Asador，因此可以进行长距离循环。在之前的文章中，我们提出了黑曜石鹅卵石最初敲击的证据，加上对具有高皮质百分比的文物的识别，暗示获得所述原材料的碎片将基于鹅卵石形态。在这里，我们扩展了这个提议，认为至少在全新世晚期的职业环境中是这种情况。在中全新世期间，观察到没有皮质储备的非常小的碎片的代表性极低。核心和工具未注册。证明了与核心减薄和坯料生产框架中的中间技术步骤相关的敲击活动，包括小薄片和非常小的薄片以及双面预制件。我们推断，在探索性入侵该地区的框架内，黑曜石碎片可能作为个人工具包、核心和没有皮质的双面文物的一部分进入了这些中全新世遗址。对于全新世晚期的占领，考虑到黑曜石卵石的存在，其尺寸与源头本身登记的尺寸相似，我们建议他们的采购将通过各种机制进行，