Using Maya Angelou’s I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings as an example, this paper introduces Wilhlem Dilthey’s (1833–1911) hermeneutics and pedagogical theory. Dilthey saw biographies (and autobiographies like Angelou’s) as nothing less than “the highest and most instructive form of the understanding of life.” This, then, serves as the starting point for his hermeneutics or theory of understanding, which distinguishes humanistic understanding from scientific explanation, and sees any one moment or word as having meaning only in relation to a whole—the whole of a sentence or text, or the whole of one’s life. It is also the starting point of his pedagogy, whose ultimate “duty” is “to develop the child as a person who carries their own purpose within themselves.” In introducing Dilthey’s hermeneutic pedagogy, this paper draws principally from his The Formation of the Historical World in the Human Sciences (1927/2002), a text that has been long neglected in hermeneutic and phenomenological studies of education.

中文翻译：

---

狄尔泰和人文科学：自传、诠释学和教育学

本文以玛雅·安杰洛的《我知道笼中鸟为何歌唱》为例，介绍威廉·狄尔泰（1833-1911）的诠释学和教育学理论。狄尔泰认为传记（以及像安杰洛这样的自传）不亚于“理解生命的最高和最有启发性的形式”。因此，这是他的诠释学或理解理论的起点，它将人文主义理解与科学解释区分开来，并将任何一个时刻或单词视为仅与整体相关的意义——整个句子或文本，或整个人的一生。这也是他教学法的起点，他的最终“职责”是“将孩子培养成一个有自己目标的人”。在介绍狄尔泰的诠释学教育学时，