Aims: To synthesize knowledge on substance use and substance-attributable burden in Canada to determine research priorities for the next 3 to 5 years. Methods: We searched for and analyzed the latest epidemiological estimates of substance use prevalence and attributable burden and for economic data on the costs of substance use. Results: Based on trends over 2014-2019, opioid, alcohol, and cannabis use were identified as research priorities due to their current or anticipated future impact on health burden in Canada. Specifically, future research efforts should be directed towards: (a) reducing the number of opioid prescriptions, investing in interventions for those already addicted to opioids,  preventing both the development of opioid use disorders and deaths due to overdose; (b) identifying ways to reduce hazardous and harmful drinking, particularly among those with low socioeconomic status; and (c) monitoring and evaluating the impacts of the recent policy implementations for the legalization of cannabis on various outcomes. While tobacco attributable burden has been decreasing, it is important to continue to monitor vaping use over time. Conclusions:  Substance use is a significant and increasing risk factor for burden of disease, and research efforts are necessary to reduce this burden in Canada.

中文翻译：

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2019年加拿大物质使用研究的主要挑战

目的：综合加拿大关于物质使用和物质归因负担的知识，以确定未来 3 至 5 年的研究重点。方法：我们搜索并分析了关于物质使用流行率和归因负担的最新流行病学估计，以及关于物质使用成本的经济数据。结果：根据 2014-2019 年的趋势，阿片类药物、酒精和大麻的使用被确定为研究重点，因为它们当前或预期未来对加拿大健康负担的影响。具体而言，未来的研究工作应针对： (a) 减少阿片类药物处方的数量，投资于对阿片类药物成瘾者的干预措施，防止阿片类药物使用障碍的发展和因过量服用而导致的死亡；(b) 确定减少有害和有害饮酒的方法，尤其是在社会经济地位低的人群中；(c) 监测和评估最近实施的大麻合法化政策对各种结果的影响。尽管可归因于烟草的负担一直在减少，但随着时间的推移继续监测电子烟的使用很重要。结论：物质使用是疾病负担的一个重要且不断增加的风险因素，研究工作对于减少加拿大的这种负担是必要的。