In undertaking the statistical analysis of the rhythm of Russian syllabic-accentual verse, one confronts a problem: how to accentuate words whose natural-language stress is weaker than that of fully-stressed words. Zhirmunsky called such words “ambiguous” and formulated a rule: they should be considered stressed in “strong” (ictic) positions and unstressed in “weak” (non-ictic) positions. Gasparov, who accepted and elaborated on Zhirmunsky’s rule, pointed out that “this difference in the quality of stress in strong positions [...] has a significant impact on the rhythm of verse, especially that of ternary meters.” The main point of the present paper is that this ambiguity equally impacts Russian binary meters. In the case of iambic tetrameter, for example, fully-stressed lines that contain rhythmically ambiguous words are often isomorphic with the predominating rhythmical form. In the present paper, this phenomenon is explored in connection with Jakobson’s hypothesis that rhythmically ambiguous words gravitate toward “weak” (i.e. less frequently stressed) ictuses. Although Jakobson’s view of accentual ambiguity was different from Zhirmunsky’s, and Jakobson’s calculation was, in fact, methodologically inaccurate, a cross-pollination of their approaches may prove fruitful.

中文翻译：

---

韵律歧义：口头形式和诗歌形式

在对俄语音节重读诗的韵律进行统计分析时，面临一个问题：如何对自然语言重读弱于全重读词的词进行重读。日尔蒙斯基称这些词是“模棱两可的”，并制定了一条规则：它们在“强”（ictic）位置应该被认为是重读，而在“弱”（非ictic）位置应该被认为是非重读。加斯帕罗夫接受并详细阐述了日尔蒙斯基的规则，他指出“这种在强位重音质量上的差异 [...] 对韵律的节奏，尤其是三元米的节奏有重大影响。” 本文的主要观点是，这种模糊性同样影响俄罗斯的二进制米。例如，在抑扬四音步的情况下，包含节奏上模棱两可的单词的重读线条通常与主要的节奏形式同构。在本文中，这一现象与 Jakobson 的假设有关，即节奏上模棱两可的词倾向于“弱”（即较少强调的）ictuses。尽管雅各布森对重音歧义的看法与日尔蒙斯基的不同，而且雅各布森的计算实际上在方法论上是不准确的，但他们的方法的交叉授粉可能会证明是富有成效的。