Kerala, towards the end of the nineteenth century, witnessed an awakening which left impressions on all the walks of the society. The advent of modernity, which was triggered by the British rule as well the state’s attempt to widen education and welfare measures, initiated reform movements among almost all the communities. The accessibility to modern education and resultant exposure to scientific, philosophic and humanistic values as well as ideas such as liberty, equality, secularism and individualism changed the perception of men and women towards the society and towards the self.

This also resulted in the formation and spread of media and journalism, which in turn led to the rise of humour magazines and eventually, cartoons in Malayalam. However, the perception of these media and medium towards the other aspects of modernity was quite complex to say the least.

The western educated woman and man, it can be found, have been featured in quite a number of cartoons across magazines. The article, therefore, focuses on the representations of changing gender relations in the Malayali society through cartoons published in humour magazines (Sanjayan, Vishwaroopam, Naradar and Sarasan) from late 1930s to 1960s. Starting with Sanjayan, these cartoons targeted the ‘modern’ women and men, albeit in different ways. Those on women lampooned their emancipation, education, access to the public sphere etc. and its perceived effect on the sociocultural setup, especially within and in relation to the institutions of marriage and family. On the other hand, men were ridiculed for their westernisation and emasculation.

十九世纪末，喀拉拉邦见证了一场觉醒，给社会各界留下了深刻的印象。由英国统治以及国家试图扩大教育和福利措施引发的现代性的出现，在几乎所有社区中引发了改革运动。现代教育的可及性以及由此产生的对科学、哲学和人文价值观以及自由、平等、世俗主义和个人主义等思想的接触改变了男性和女性对社会和自我的看法。

这也导致了媒体和新闻业的形成和传播，进而导致了幽默杂志的兴起，并最终导致了马拉雅拉姆语的漫画。然而，这些媒体和媒介对现代性其他方面的看法至少可以说是相当复杂的。

可以发现，受过西方教育的女人和男人已经出现在许多杂志的漫画中。因此，这篇文章通过幽默杂志（ Sanjayan、Vishwaroopam、Naradar和Sarasan）从 1930 年代后期到 1960 年代发表的漫画，重点关注马来亚社会中不断变化的性别关系的表现。从桑贾扬开始，这些漫画针对的是“现代”女性和男性，尽管方式不同。那些关于妇女的人讽刺她们的解放、教育、进入公共领域等，以及它对社会文化结构的感知影响，特别是在婚姻和家庭制度内部和与之相关的情况下。另一方面，男性因西方化和阉割而受到嘲笑。