Obesity is linked to increased arterial size, carotid intima-media thickness and arterial stiffness. The effects of obesity and body composition on muscular artery intima-media and adventitia thickness has previously not been established. The aim of this study was to explore associations between carotid and muscular artery wall layer thickness with body composition and cardiovascular risk factors in early middle-aged women. This is a cross-sectional study including 199 women aged 40±4 years. Arterial lumen (LD), intima-media (IMT) and adventitia thickness (AT) were measured from carotid, brachial and radial arteries using ultra-high frequency ultrasound (22-71 MHz). Women with obesity had increased IMT in carotid (0.47 vs 0.45 mm), brachial (0.19 vs 0.17 mm) and radial arteries (0.16 vs 0.15 mm) and increased brachial AT (0.14 vs 0.13 mm). In multiple regression models all arterial LD (β-range 0.02-0.03 mm/kg/m²), IMT (β-range 0.91-3.37 µm/kg/m²), AT (β-range 0.73-1.38 µm/kg/m²) were significantly associated with BMI. The IMT of all arteries were significantly associated with systolic blood pressure (β-range 0.36-0.85 µm/mmHg), attenuating the association between IMT and BMI (β-range 0.18-2.24 µm/kg/m²). Obese early middle-aged women have increased arterial intima media thickness and brachial artery adventitia thickness compared to non-obese counterparts. The association between BMI and intima-media thickness is partly mediated through blood pressure levels.

肥胖与增加的动脉大小、颈动脉内膜中层厚度和动脉僵硬有关。肥胖和身体成分对肌肉动脉内膜中层和外膜厚度的影响以前尚未确定。本研究的目的是探讨早期中年女性颈动脉和肌肉动脉壁层厚度与身体成分和心血管危险因素之间的关系。这是一项横断面研究，包括 199 名 40±4 岁的女性。使用超高频超声 (22-71 MHz) 从颈动脉、肱动脉和桡动脉测量动脉管腔 (LD)、内膜中层 (IMT) 和外膜厚度 (AT)。肥胖女性颈动脉（0.47 对 0.45 毫米）、肱动脉（0.19 对 0.17 毫米）和桡动脉（0.16 对 0.15 毫米）和肱动脉 AT 增加（0.14 对 0.13 毫米）的 IMT。² )、IMT (β-范围 0.91-3.37 µm/kg/m ² )、AT (β-范围 0.73-1.38 µm/kg/m ² )与 BMI 显着相关。所有动脉的 IMT 与收缩压显着相关（β-范围 0.36-0.85 µm/mmHg），减弱 IMT 和 BMI 之间的关联（β-范围 0.18-2.24 µm/kg/m ²）。与非肥胖女性相比，肥胖的早期中年女性动脉内膜中层厚度和肱动脉外膜厚度增加。BMI 和内膜中层厚度之间的关联部分是通过血压水平介导的。