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Two sided efficient frontiers at multiple time horizons
Annals of Finance Pub Date : 2022-06-06 , DOI: 10.1007/s10436-022-00411-0
Dilip B. Madan , King Wang

Two price economy principles motivate measuring risk by the cost of acquiring the opposite of the centered or pure risk position at its upper price. Asymmetry in returns leads to differences in risk charges for short and long positions. Short risk charges dominate long ones when the upper tail dominates the comparable lower tail for charges based on distorted expectations. Positive mean return targets acquire long positions with negative mean return targets taking short positions. In each case the appropriate risk charge is minimized to construct two frontiers, one for the positive, and the other for negative, mean return targets. Multivariate return distributions reflect limit laws given by Q self-decomposable laws displaying decay rates in skewness and excess kurtosis slower than those for processes of independent and identically distributed returns. Frontiers at longer horizons display greater efficiency reflected by lower risk charges for comparable mean return targets. The short side frontiers also display greater risk charges than their long side counterparts. All efficient portfolios deliver asset pricing equations whereby required returns in excess of a reference rate are a market price of risk times a risk gradient evaluated at the efficient portfolio. Variations in frontiers and points on the frontier induce differences in reference rates, risk gradients, and the market prices of risk that can yet lead to comparable required returns.



中文翻译:

多个时间范围内的双边有效边界

两个价格经济原则通过以最高价格获得与中心或纯风险头寸相反的成本来激励衡量风险。回报的不对称导致空头头寸和多头头寸的风险费用不同。当基于扭曲的预期收费时,当上尾主导可比较的下尾时,短期风险收费将主导长期风险收费。正平均回报目标获得多头头寸,负平均回报目标获得空头头寸。在每种情况下,适当的风险费用被最小化以构建两个边界,一个用于正值,另一个用于负值,平均回报目标。多元回报分布反映了由 Q 自分解定律给出的极限定律,显示偏度和超峰态的衰减率比独立和同分布回报的过程慢。较长视野的前沿显示出更高的效率,这反映在可比较的平均回报目标的较低风险费用上。短边边界也比长边边界显示出更高的风险费用。所有有效的投资组合都提供资产定价方程,其中超过参考利率的所需回报是风险的市场价格乘以在有效投资组合中评估的风险梯度。边界和边界上的点的变化会导致参考利率、风险梯度和风险市场价格的差异,这些差异仍可能导致可比的所需回报。较长视野的前沿显示出更高的效率,这反映在可比较的平均回报目标的较低风险费用上。短边边界也比长边边界显示出更高的风险费用。所有有效的投资组合都提供资产定价方程,其中超过参考利率的所需回报是风险的市场价格乘以在有效投资组合中评估的风险梯度。边界和边界上的点的变化会导致参考利率、风险梯度和风险市场价格的差异,这些差异仍可能导致可比的所需回报。较长视野的前沿显示出更高的效率,这反映在可比较的平均回报目标的较低风险费用上。短边边界也比长边边界显示出更高的风险费用。所有有效的投资组合都提供资产定价方程,其中超过参考利率的所需回报是风险的市场价格乘以在有效投资组合中评估的风险梯度。边界和边界上的点的变化会导致参考利率、风险梯度和风险市场价格的差异,这些差异仍可能导致可比的所需回报。所有有效的投资组合都提供资产定价方程,其中超过参考利率的所需回报是风险的市场价格乘以在有效投资组合中评估的风险梯度。边界和边界上的点的变化会导致参考利率、风险梯度和风险市场价格的差异,这些差异仍可能导致可比的所需回报。所有有效的投资组合都提供资产定价方程,其中超过参考利率的所需回报是风险的市场价格乘以在有效投资组合中评估的风险梯度。边界和边界上的点的变化会导致参考利率、风险梯度和风险市场价格的差异,这些差异仍可能导致可比的所需回报。

更新日期:2022-06-07
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