Senescence is a form of durable cell cycle arrest elicited in response to a wide range of stimuli. Senescent cells remain metabolically active and secrete a variety of factors collectively termed senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). SASP is highly pleiotropic and can impact numerous biological processes in which it has both beneficial and deleterious roles. The underlying mechanisms by which SASP exerts its pleiotropic influence remain largely unknown. SASP serves as an environmental factor, which regulates stem cell differentiation and alters its routine. The latter can potentially be accomplished through dedifferentiation, transdifferentiation, or reprogramming. Behavioral changes that cells undergo when exposed to SASP are involved in several senescence-associated physiological and pathological phenomena. These findings provide clues for identifying possible interventions to reduce the deleterious effects without interfering in the beneficial outcomes. In this study, we discuss the multifaceted effects of SASP and the changes occurring in cellular states upon exposure to SASP factors.

中文翻译：

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衰老与细胞命运之间的联系：衰老相关的分泌表型及其对干细胞命运转变的影响

衰老是响应广泛的刺激而引起的一种持久的细胞周期停滞形式。衰老细胞保持代谢活跃并分泌多种因子，统称为衰老相关分泌表型 (SASP)。SASP 具有高度的多效性，可以影响许多生物过程，在这些过程中它既有有益的作用，也有有害的作用。SASP 发挥其多效性影响的潜在机制在很大程度上仍然未知。SASP 作为一种环境因素，可调节干细胞分化并改变其常规。后者可能通过去分化、转分化或重编程来完成。细胞在暴露于 SASP 时所经历的行为变化涉及几种与衰老相关的生理和病理现象。这些发现为确定可能的干预措施以减少有害影响而不干扰有益结果提供了线索。在这项研究中，我们讨论了 SASP 的多方面影响以及暴露于 SASP 因子后细胞状态发生的变化。