Abstract This essay examines what AI can dofor government, specifically through three generic tools at the heart of governance: detection, prediction, and data-driven decision-making. Public sector functions, such as resource allocation and the protection of rights, are more normatively loaded than those of firms, and AI poses greater ethical challenges than earlier generations of digital technology, threatening transparency, fairness, and accountability. The essay discusses how AI might be developed specifically for government, with a public digital ethos to protect these values. Three moves that could maximize the transformative possibilities for a distinctively public sector AI are the development of government capacity to foster innovation through AI; the building of integrated and generalized models for policy-making; and the detection and tackling of structural inequalities. Combined, these developments could offer a model of data-intensive government that is more efficient, ethical, fair, prescient, and resilient than ever before in administrative history.

中文翻译：

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重新思考人工智能以实现良好治理

摘要本文探讨了人工智能可以为政府做些什么，特别是通过治理核心的三个通用工具：检测、预测和数据驱动的决策。公共部门职能，如资源分配和权利保护，比企业更规范化，人工智能比前几代数字技术带来更大的道德挑战，威胁透明度、公平和问责制。这篇文章讨论了如何专门为政府开发人工智能，并以公共数字精神来保护这些价值观。可以最大限度地为独特的公共部门人工智能带来变革可能性的三项举措是发展政府通过人工智能促进创新的能力；建立综合和通用的决策模型；以及发现和解决结构性不平等。综合起来，这些发展可以提供一种数据密集型政府模式，这种模式比行政历史上的任何时候都更加高效、合乎道德、公平、有先见之明和更有弹性。