Abstract Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi (1869-1948) articulated and practised a unique ideology of ahimsa, nonviolence, in his life. Most importantly, ahimsa included refusing the needs and pleasures of the body – sex, food, care, and desire. For Gandhi, embodiment was an intrinsically violent condition, but he ultimately did live in his body. In this paper, I argue that while he perfected a nonviolent selfhood for himself, he relied on the physical and emotional labour of others, particularly the women in his ashrams (and life), to do so. I analyse the writings of two of his women followers, Madeleine Slade (Mirabehn) and Manu Gandhi (his grandniece, with whom he did his infamous experiment of celibacy), to investigate the contours of Gandhi’s selfhood through his interpersonal relationships and quotidian interactions with others. I argue that Gandhi developed a higher-than-human and nonviolent self by denying and repressing his human needs and desires, and by outsourcing some parts of his human self to Madeleine Slade and Manu Gandhi rather violently.

中文翻译：

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维持非暴力的自我：圣雄甘地、玛德琳·斯莱德和马努·甘地

摘要 Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi (1869-1948) 在他的生活中阐明并实践了一种独特的非暴力思想，即非暴力。最重要的是，不杀生包括拒绝身体的需求和快乐——性、食物、照顾和欲望。对于甘地来说，化身本质上是一种暴力状态，但他最终确实住在他的身体里。在本文中，我认为虽然他为自己完善了非暴力的自我，但他依靠他人的体力和情感劳动，特别是他的静修所（和生活）中的女性来做到这一点。我分析了他的两个女性追随者，玛德琳·斯莱德（Mirabehn）和马努·甘地（他的孙女，他和他一起进行了臭名昭著的独身实验）的著作，通过他的人际关系和与他人的日常互动来研究甘地的自我轮廓.