AbstractSnow has numerous effects on traffic, including reduced traffic volumes, greater crash risk, and increased travel times. This research examines how snow affects crash risk, traffic volume, and toll revenue on the New York State Thruway. Daily data from January for a 10-yr period (2010–19) were analyzed for the Thruway from the Pennsylvania state line in western New York to Syracuse. Anywhere from 35% to 50% of crashes are associated with inclement weather, with smaller impacts, proportionally, in areas with greater traffic volumes. As expected, snow was almost always involved when weather was a factor. “Unsafe speed” was the most common cause of crashes in inclement weather with all other factors (e.g., animals, drowsiness) much less likely to play a role. The percentage of crashes resulting in an injury did not change significantly with inclement conditions when compared with crashes occurring in fair conditions, and there were too few fatal crashes to make any inferences about them. Daily snowfall rates predicted about 30% of the variation in crash numbers, with every 5.1 cm of snowfall resulting in an additional crash, except in Buffalo where 5.1 cm of snow resulted in an additional 2.6 crashes. Confirming earlier results, daily snowfall had a large impact on passenger vehicle counts whereas commercial vehicle counts were less affected. Revenue data showed a similar pattern, with passenger revenue typically decreasing by 3%–5% per 2.5 cm of snow, whereas commercial revenue decreases were 1%–4% per 2.5 cm of snow.Significance StatementWhile it seems obvious that snowfall increases the number of crashes, decreases traffic volume, and reduces toll revenues, research is limited to support these assumptions, especially the latter two. This study involved an analysis of such items for the New York State Thruway. We found that increasing amounts of snow did cause more crashes. While traffic counts decreased, most of the decrease was in the number of passenger vehicles; commercial vehicle traffic was much less affected. Every 2.5 cm of snow costs the New York State Thruway approximately $1300 at each toll barrier and about $331 at each exit. These findings are helpful to law enforcement, emergency responders, and highway managers.

中文翻译：

---

降雪对纽约州高速公路的车祸、交通量和收入的影响

摘要雪对交通有许多影响，包括减少交通量、增加碰撞风险和增加旅行时间。这项研究调查了雪如何影响纽约州高速公路的碰撞风险、交通量和通行费收入。分析了从纽约西部宾夕法尼亚州线到雪城的高速公路从 1 月份开始的 10 年期间（2010-19 年）的每日数据。35% 到 50% 的事故都与恶劣天气有关，在交通量较大的地区，影响较小。正如预期的那样，当天气成为一个因素时，几乎总是会下雪。“不安全的速度”是恶劣天气下撞车的最常见原因，而所有其他因素（例如，动物、困倦）则不太可能发挥作用。与在公平条件下发生的碰撞相比，导致受伤的碰撞百分比在恶劣条件下没有显着变化，而且致命碰撞太少，无法对其做出任何推断。每日降雪率预测了大约 30% 的事故数量变化，每 5.1 厘米的降雪导致额外的事故，但布法罗除外，5.1 厘米的积雪导致额外的 2.6 起事故。确认较早的结果，每日降雪对乘用车数量有很大影响，而商用车数量受影响较小。收入数据显示出类似的模式，乘客收入通常每 2.5 厘米积雪下降 3%–5%，而商业收入下降幅度为每 2.5 厘米积雪 1%–4%。意义陈述虽然降雪增加撞车次数、减少交通量和减少通行费收入似乎很明显，但研究仅限于支持这些假设，尤其是后两个假设。这项研究涉及对纽约州高速公路的此类项目的分析。我们发现，越来越多的雪确实会导致更多的撞车事故。虽然交通量减少，但大部分减少是乘用车数量；商用车交通受到的影响要小得多。每 2.5 厘米的雪在纽约州高速公路的每个收费站花费大约 1300 美元，每个出口大约花费 331 美元。这些发现对执法部门、应急响应人员和高速公路管理人员都有帮助。这项研究涉及对纽约州高速公路的此类项目的分析。我们发现，越来越多的雪确实会导致更多的撞车事故。虽然交通量减少，但大部分减少是乘用车数量；商用车交通受到的影响要小得多。每 2.5 厘米的雪在纽约州高速公路的每个收费站花费大约 1300 美元，每个出口大约花费 331 美元。这些发现对执法部门、应急响应人员和高速公路管理人员都有帮助。这项研究涉及对纽约州高速公路的此类项目的分析。我们发现，越来越多的雪确实会导致更多的撞车事故。虽然交通量减少，但大部分减少是乘用车数量；商用车交通受到的影响要小得多。每 2.5 厘米的雪在纽约州高速公路的每个收费站花费大约 1300 美元，每个出口大约花费 331 美元。这些发现对执法部门、应急响应人员和高速公路管理人员都有帮助。5 厘米的积雪在纽约州高速公路的每个收费站花费大约 1300 美元，每个出口大约花费 331 美元。这些发现对执法部门、应急响应人员和高速公路管理人员都有帮助。5 厘米的积雪在纽约州高速公路的每个收费站花费大约 1300 美元，每个出口大约花费 331 美元。这些发现对执法部门、应急响应人员和高速公路管理人员都有帮助。