Drawing on the work of thirteenth-century Andalusian Sufi Ibn ʿArabī (d. 1240), this article explores the ways in which mystical ideas present a radically destabilizing view of human nature. Bringing Ibn ʿArabī’s ideas into a contemporary feminist conversation on gender, I theorize gender, arguing that his mystical method pushes the reader to the limits of a binary and patriarchal rationality, resulting in a productive entanglement of normative gender categories. Paradox, ambivalence, and contradiction—organic elements of Ibn ʿArabī’s Sufi epistemology—facilitate generative spaces of tension that creatively interrupt fixed conceptions of gender. I argue that within this Sufi cosmology, apophatic modes of being demand an existential mode of receptivity, fluidity, and constant movement—all of which can be applied to critiquing gender hierarchies and heteronormativities within Muslim traditions while reimagining more capacious alternatives. The article contributes to a larger Islamic feminist project of retrieving a creative, expansive, and inclusive Muslim archive while making connections to broader feminist theories in contemporary scholarship, including the ideas of Judith Butler, Luce Irigaray, and Catherine Keller.

中文翻译：

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伊本 ʿArabī 和神秘的性别破坏：伊斯兰女权主义的理论探索

本文借鉴 13 世纪安达卢西亚人 Sufi Ibn ʿArabī（卒于 1240 年）的作品，探讨了神秘思想如何呈现出一种根本不稳定的人性观。将 Ibn ʿArabī 的思想带入当代女权主义关于性别的对话中，我将性别理论化，认为他的神秘方法将读者推向二元和父权理性的极限，导致规范性性别类别的有效纠缠。悖论、矛盾和矛盾——伊本·阿拉比的苏菲认识论的有机元素——促进了紧张的生成空间，创造性地打断了固定的性别概念。我认为在这个苏菲宇宙论中，否定的存在模式需要一种接受性、流动性的存在模式，和不断的运动——所有这些都可以用来批评穆斯林传统中的性别等级和异性恋，同时重新构想更广阔的替代方案。这篇文章有助于一个更大的伊斯兰女权主义项目，即检索一个创造性的、广泛的和包容性的穆斯林档案，同时与当代学术中更广泛的女权主义理论建立联系，包括朱迪思·巴特勒、卢斯·伊里加雷和凯瑟琳·凯勒的思想。