As binding contracts among sovereigns, treaties between Indigenous and Western Nations set parameters for and guide policies that recognize Indigenous Peoples’ rights and that harmonize those rights with non-Indigenous interests. Because treaties engage specific terms, parties, and geographies, detailed analyses of treaty texts and historical contexts are required foundations for understanding Treaty Rights and for proposing policy reforms. The litigious “Save Oak Flat” battle over the Resolution Copper mine proposed for Apache Nation Treaty Territory in present day Arizona prompts close scrutiny of the 1852 Treaty between the United States and the Apache Nation. Because the 1852 Treaty guarantees rights to both parties, it provides mandates and suggests co-management mechanisms to safeguard Apache Nation Treaty Territory and Apache rights to religious practice free from threats of sacred site destruction.

中文翻译：

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“美国应通过立法和行动确保上述印第安人的永久繁荣和幸福”：阿帕奇民族 1852 年条约的政策含义

作为主权国家之间具有约束力的合同，土著和西方国家之间的条约为承认土著人民权利并使这些权利与非土著利益协调一致的政策设定了参数和指导。由于条约涉及特定条款、缔约方和地理区域，因此需要对条约文本和历史背景进行详细分析，以便理解条约权利和提出政策改革建议。在今天亚利桑那州为阿帕奇国家条约领土提议的决议铜矿的“拯救橡树平原”诉讼引发了对美国与阿帕奇国家之间 1852 年条约的密切审查。因为 1852 年的条约保障了双方的权利，