In the context of increasing urbanization and income inequality, transport professionals in the Global South need to be prepared to effectively plan for the needs of various groups within the population, particularly for those regarding health and well-being. Accessibility is widely used as a performance measure for land use and transport systems; it measures people’s ease of reaching desired destinations and incorporates mode, time, and/or cost constraints. Considerable differences exist in the level of accessibility experienced by different mode users in reaching healthcare facilities, which calls for additional equity considerations given the prevailing socio-demographic characteristics of the users of various modes and the importance of healthcare facilities as a destination. In this study, we explore the distribution of accessibility to healthcare facilities by public transport and by car in Recife, Brazil, through an equity assessment to identify areas with low accessibility using these modes at different times of day. In general, the higher accessibility of public transport as well as greater modal equity was observed in central regions of Recife, whereas the periphery, where many low-income census tracts can be found, experiences significant inequity when it comes to access by both modes to healthcare facilities. This analysis allowed us to classify locations to access impoverished, access absolutely impoverished, and access impoverished by public transport areas, which can be targeted with appropriate land use and public transport policy interventions. This paper can be of value to professionals and researchers working toward equitable land use and transport systems in the Global South.

中文翻译：

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巴西累西腓医疗保健可及性的模式公平

在城市化和收入不平等加剧的背景下，全球南方的运输专业人员需要做好准备，有效地规划人口中不同群体的需求，特别是关于健康和福祉的需求。可达性被广泛用作土地利用和交通系统的绩效衡量标准；它衡量人们到达期望目的地的难易程度，并结合了模式、时间和/或成本限制。不同模式用户在到达医疗机构时所经历的可及性水平存在相当大的差异，鉴于各种模式用户的普遍社会人口特征以及医疗机构作为目的地的重要性，这需要额外的公平考虑。在这项研究中，我们通过公平评估来探索巴西累西腓公共交通和汽车可及性的分布，以确定在一天中的不同时间使用这些模式的低可达性区域。总体而言，在累西腓的中部地区，公共交通的可达性更高，模式的公平性更高，而在可以找到许多低收入人口普查区的外围地区，在两种模式的通行方面都经历着严重的不平等卫生保健设施。该分析使我们能够将位置分类为公共交通区域的贫困、绝对贫困和交通贫困，这可以通过适当的土地使用和公共交通政策干预来定位。