In June 2019, the government of the Flemish Region (Belgium) launched the “mobility score,” a standardized built environment indicator that informs citizens in Flanders about the walking or cycling accessibility from their dwelling to a range of basic amenities and public transport stops. The development of the mobility score was developed to be a tool to raise awareness of the environmental impact of travel. Against this backdrop, this paper assesses the extent to which the mobility score can predict car use and aims to contribute to the line of research that studies travel patterns in relation to accessibility, spatial context, and travel mode choice. Based on the data from the Flemish Travel Behavior Survey, we analyze the effect of the interaction between the built environment, frequency of car use and vehicle kilometers traveled. Our findings illustrate that frequent and intensive car use is not an exclusive feature of suburban and rural residents in Flanders, or of those who travel long distances. The outcomes show that the mobility score can predict the frequency of car travel but only in the inner city. As for other areas, travel behavior shows little variance among respondents. The presence of a company car in a household is a much stronger predictor of vehicle kilometers traveled than any other variable, including the built environment. Travel behavior turns toward car use once a household acquires a car, almost regardless of the type of neighborhoods where respondents live. In Flanders, policy has so far been directed more toward curbing car use than discouraging car ownership. Our findings suggest that it could be more effective to aim for the latter, as this prevents the development of a cycle of car-oriented behavior in the first place.

中文翻译：

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土地使用以外的汽车依赖：标准化的建筑环境指标能否预测汽车使用？

2019 年 6 月，佛兰德地区政府（比利时）推出了“移动性评分”，这是一个标准化的建筑环境指标，用于告知佛兰德斯市民从其住宅到一系列基本设施和公共交通站点的步行或骑自行车可达性。移动性评分的开发旨在成为提高人们对旅行对环境影响的认识的工具。在此背景下，本文评估了出行分数可以在多大程度上预测汽车使用，并旨在为研究与可达性、空间背景和出行模式选择相关的出行模式的研究做出贡献。根据弗拉芒旅行行为调查的数据，我们分析了建筑环境、汽车使用频率和车辆行驶公里数之间相互作用的影响。我们的研究结果表明，频繁和密集的汽车使用并不是法兰德斯郊区和农村居民或长途旅行的人的独有特征。结果表明，移动性评分可以预测汽车出行的频率，但仅限于市中心。至于其他领域，受访者的旅行行为差异不大。与包括建筑环境在内的任何其他变量相比，家庭中公司汽车的存在是对车辆行驶公里数的更强有力的预测因素。一旦家庭购买了汽车，旅行行为就会转向使用汽车，几乎不管受访者居住的社区类型如何。在法兰德斯，到目前为止，政策更多地是针对限制汽车使用而不是阻止汽车拥有。我们的研究结果表明，瞄准后者可能更有效，