Abstract. This study tests the effects of camera distance and camera angle on emotional response across four categories of pictures covering a large emotional range (positive and negative miscellanea, erotica, and threat), using the International Affective Picture System (IAPS) –a large database of emotionally evocative photographs. We content analyzed 722 images for the content category and camera framing (distance and angle), employing these as independent factors in analyses, and used the IAPS’ pre-existing normative average ratings of emotional valence, arousal, and dominance as dependent variables. As hypothesized, affective responses were generally increased by closer framing and high and low angles (compared to straight angles), but the content of the picture played an important role in determining effect strength and direction. In particular, closeness increased arousal for all picture groups but had the opposite effect on positive miscellaneous pictures, straight angles decreased the emotional response for the two miscellanea groups, and low angles increased the emotional response for threatening pictures. This study is the first to show that previously found camera framing effects apply to pictures of high emotional intensity (e.g., erotica and threat). We suggest that future work should consider formal manipulations alongside message content.

中文翻译：

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危险、性和其他一切

摘要。本研究使用国际情感图片系统 (IAPS) - 一个大型数据库，测试相机距离和相机角度对涵盖大情绪范围（正面和负面杂项、色情和威胁）的四类图片的情绪反应的影响。情绪化的照片。我们内容分析了 722 幅图像的内容类别和相机取景（距离和角度），将这些作为分析中的独立因素，并使用 IAPS 预先存在的情绪效价、唤醒和支配性的规范平均评级作为因变量。正如假设的那样，情感反应通常会通过更近的框架和高低角度（与直角相比）来增加，但图片的内容在决定效果强度和方向方面起着重要作用。特别是，接近度增加了所有图片组的唤醒，但对正面杂项图片有相反的影响，直角降低了两个杂项组的情绪反应，低角度增加了威胁图片的情绪反应。这项研究首次表明先前发现的相机取景效果适用于高情绪强度的图片（例如，色情和威胁）。我们建议未来的工作应该考虑与消息内容一起的正式操作。这项研究首次表明先前发现的相机取景效果适用于高情绪强度的图片（例如，色情和威胁）。我们建议未来的工作应该考虑与消息内容一起的正式操作。这项研究首次表明先前发现的相机取景效果适用于高情绪强度的图片（例如，色情和威胁）。我们建议未来的工作应该考虑与消息内容一起的正式操作。