Evidence for textiles in viking-age Scotland and the adjacent Irish Sea region derives from small fragments usually surviving as mineralised products associated with metal dress fittings and grave goods such as shield bosses and weaving battens, excavated from the furnished graves of both women and men. Since Scottish viking-age textiles were last reviewed over twenty years ago, this paper collates information from antiquarian finds and more recent excavations which employed considerably enhanced techniques for retrieving fragile archaeological textiles. Evidence is presented for the occurrence and role of plant-based textiles derived from flax and hemp including linen in funerary processes as burial garments, shrouds and wrapping other grave goods, such as weapons and tools. Many richly appointed women's graves in viking-age Scotland were accompanied by tool assemblages used in the manufacture and maintenance of textiles. The presence of these tools raises questions about the status of textile production and the roles women played in it.

中文翻译：

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在苏格兰和爱尔兰海地区的维京侨民中女性在植物性纺织品生产中的作用

维京时代苏格兰和邻近的爱尔兰海地区的纺织品证据来自小碎片，这些碎片通常作为与金属服装配件相关的矿化产品以及盾牌凸台和编织板条等墓葬物品，从男女双方的坟墓中挖掘出来。自 20 多年前对苏格兰维京时代的纺织品进行最后一次审查以来，本文整理了来自古物发现和最近的挖掘的信息，这些挖掘采用了显着增强的技术来检索易碎的考古纺织品。有证据表明从亚麻和大麻中提取的植物性纺织品（包括亚麻）在葬礼过程中的出现和作用，如葬礼、裹尸布和包裹其他墓葬物品，如武器和工具。许多任命权贵的女性 维京时代苏格兰的坟墓伴随着用于制造和维护纺织品的工具组合。这些工具的存在引发了有关纺织品生产状况和女性在其中所扮演角色的问题。