This study examined notated meter changes in scores by French composers to probe the role of sociological mechanisms in musical stylistic change. The stylistic feature of notated meter changes, which indexed metrical complexity, was conducive to empirical observation and functioned as a salient innovation in France around 1900. The principal sociological variable was membership in the Apaches artistic club, known for its avant-garde identity. A hypothesis that the Apaches would use significantly more meter changes than their peers was supported. Additional explanatory variables were derived from previous historical research on French composers and from theories about stylistic change. A complex relationship between the stylistic feature and social mechanisms emerged, involving multiple, overlapping social structures. The Labovian sociolinguistic approach was especially resonant in this data, as a composer's proximity to certain individuals, groups, and institutions in the social space related to their degree of enthusiasm for metric innovation. In addition, sociolinguistic theories about stylistic variation in human languages were consistent with patterns in this data set. Finally, a descriptive title was also a significant explanatory variable, which implicates the Labovian notion of register and the importance that Meyer gave to aesthetic goals in musical stylistic change.

中文翻译：

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音乐风格变化的社会机制：以 20 世纪早期法国为例

这项研究检查了法国作曲家在乐谱中的记谱变化，以探讨社会学机制在音乐风格变化中的作用。标记韵律变化的文体特征，它指示了韵律的复杂性，有利于经验观察，并在 1900 年左右成为法国的一项显着创新。主要的社会学变量是阿帕奇艺术俱乐部的成员资格，该俱乐部以其前卫的身份而闻名。支持 Apache 将使用比他们的同行更多的仪表变化的假设。其他解释变量来自以前对法国作曲家的历史研究和关于风格变化的理论。文体特征和社会机制之间出现了复杂的关系，涉及多个重叠的社会结构。Labovian 社会语言学方法在这些数据中尤其引起共鸣，因为作曲家与社会空间中某些个人、群体和机构的接近程度与其对度量创新的热情程度有关。此外，关于人类语言文体变异的社会语言学理论与该数据集中的模式一致。最后，描述性标题也是一个重要的解释变量，它暗示了拉博夫的音域概念以及迈耶在音乐风格变化中对审美目标的重视。关于人类语言文体变异的社会语言学理论与该数据集中的模式一致。最后，描述性标题也是一个重要的解释变量，它暗示了拉博夫的音域概念以及迈耶在音乐风格变化中对审美目标的重视。关于人类语言文体变异的社会语言学理论与该数据集中的模式一致。最后，描述性标题也是一个重要的解释变量，它暗示了拉博夫的音域概念以及迈耶在音乐风格变化中对审美目标的重视。