Abstract Cross-amplification is a cost-effective method to extend the applicability of SSR markers to closely related taxa which lack their own sequence information. In the present study, 35 SSR markers developed in four oak species of Europe, North America and Asia were selected and screened in five species of the western Himalayas. Fifteen markers were successfully amplified in Quercus semecarpifolia, followed by 11 each in Q. floribunda and Q. leucotrichophora, 10 in Q. glauca, and 9 in Q. lana-ta. Except two primer pairs in Q. semecarpifolia, all were found to be polymorphic. Most of the positively cross-amplified SSRs were derived from the Asian oak, Q. mongolica. The genoty-ping of 10 individuals of each species with positively cross-amplified SSRs displayed varied levels of polymorphism in the five target oak species, viz., QmC00419 was most polymorphic in Q. floribunda, QmC00716 in Q. glauca and Q. lanata, QmC01368 in Q. leucotrichophora, and QmC02269 in Q. semecarpifolia. Among five oak species, the highest gene diversity was depicted in Q. lanata and Q. semecarpifolia with expected heterozygosity (He = 0.72), while the minimum was recorded for Q. leucotrichophora and Q. glauca (He = 0.65). The SSRs validated here provide a valuable resource to carry out further population genetic analysis in oaks of the western Himalayas.

中文翻译：

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基于交叉可转移性的西喜马拉雅橡树简单序列重复 (SSR) 标记的识别和验证

摘要 交叉扩增是一种经济有效的方法，可以将 SSR 标记的适用性扩展到缺乏自身序列信息的密切相关的分类群中。在本研究中，在喜马拉雅山脉西部的 5 个树种中选择并筛选了在欧洲、北美和亚洲的 4 个橡树树种中开发的 35 个 SSR 标记。在 Quercus semecarpifolia 中成功扩增了 15 个标记，随后在 Q. floribunda 和 Q. leucotrichophora 中分别扩增了 11 个，在 Q. glauca 中扩增了 10 个，在 Q. lana-ta 中扩增了 9 个。除Q. semecarpifolia 中的两对引物外，均发现多态性。大多数正交叉扩增的 SSR 来自亚洲橡木 Q. mongolica。每个物种的 10 个具有正交叉扩增 SSR 的个体的基因分型在五个目标橡树物种中显示出不同水平的多态性，即，QmC00419 在 Q. floribunda 中多态性最强，QmC00716 在 Q. glauca 和 Q. lanata 中，QmC01368 在 Q. leucotrichophora 中，QmC02269 在 Q. semecarpifolia 中。在五种橡树物种中，Q. lanata 和 Q. semecarpifolia 的基因多样性最高，具有预期的杂合性（He = 0.72），而 Q. leucotrichophora 和 Q. glauca 的基因多样性最低（He = 0.65）。这里验证的 SSR 为在喜马拉雅山脉西部的橡树中进行进一步的种群遗传分析提供了宝贵的资源。leucotrichophora 和 Q. glauca (He = 0.65)。这里验证的 SSR 为在喜马拉雅山脉西部的橡树中进行进一步的种群遗传分析提供了宝贵的资源。leucotrichophora 和 Q. glauca (He = 0.65)。这里验证的 SSR 为在喜马拉雅山脉西部的橡树中进行进一步的种群遗传分析提供了宝贵的资源。