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International patent applications and innovation in South Africa
South African Journal of Economic and Management Sciences ( IF 0.841 ) Pub Date : 2021-12-17 , DOI: 10.4102/sajems.v24i1.4146
Ulrich Schmoch , Anastassios Pouris

Background: Experts recommend support to patents for stimulating innovation. Also, the South African government supports patents, in particular, international patents. In this paper it is examined how this strategy can be designed to successfully trigger economic progress.Aim: The present South African activities in patents are investigated in this paper and areas identified where an intensification of patenting looks promising for economic progress.Setting: The patent activities since 1985 are analysed and compared to the annual export–import balance from 2009 to 2018, in order to identify starting points for improving economic structures. The data are linked to current suggestions to the National Advisory Council on Innovation (NACI) for future technologies.Methods: The analysis of patents is performed, using the international patent database PATSTAT, as well as the analysis of the export–import balance at the WITS database of the World Bank.Results: The patent analysis reveals a low level of South African domestic patents, with a focus on less complex goods and a stagnation period of 35 years. The data on the export – import balance show negative figures for consumer goods and even more so for capital goods.Conclusion: Economic progress can be accelerated by stimulating patent and economic activities to produce more complex consumer and capital goods. However, it may be necessary to focus on certain areas at the beginning in order to achieve a sufficient critical mass of competence and international competitiveness. In any case, the support of patents is only successful when it is closely linked to a strategy regarding technology.

中文翻译:

南非的国际专利申请和创新

背景:专家建议支持专利以刺激创新。此外,南非政府支持专利,特别是国际专利。本文研究了如何设计这一战略以成功地推动经济进步。目的:本文研究了南非目前的专利活动,并确定了专利密集化有望促进经济进步的领域。背景:专利分析自 1985 年以来的活动,并与 2009 年至 2018 年的年度进出口平衡进行比较,以确定改善经济结构的起点。这些数据与对未来技术的国家创新咨询委员会 (NACI) 的当前建议相关联。方法:对专利进行分析,使用国际专利数据库 PATSTAT,以及世界银行 WITS 数据库中的进出口平衡分析。结果:专利分析显示南非国内专利水平较低,重点关注不太复杂的商品和35年的停滞期。进出口平衡数据显示消费品为负数,资本品更是如此。结论:可以通过刺激专利和经济活动来生产更复杂的消费品和资本品来加速经济进步。然而,为了获得足够的能力和国际竞争力,可能有必要在一开始就专注于某些领域。无论如何,专利的支持只有在与技术战略密切相关时才能成功。以及世界银行 WITS 数据库对进出口平衡的分析。结果:专利分析显示,南非国内专利水平较低,主要集中在不太复杂的商品上,停滞期为 35 年。进出口平衡数据显示消费品为负数,资本品更是如此。结论:可以通过刺激专利和经济活动来生产更复杂的消费品和资本品来加速经济进步。然而,为了获得足够的能力和国际竞争力,可能有必要在一开始就专注于某些领域。无论如何,专利的支持只有在与技术战略密切相关时才能成功。以及世界银行 WITS 数据库对进出口平衡的分析。结果:专利分析显示,南非国内专利水平较低,主要集中在不太复杂的商品上,停滞期为 35 年。进出口平衡数据显示消费品为负数,资本品更是如此。结论:可以通过刺激专利和经济活动来生产更复杂的消费品和资本品来加速经济进步。然而,为了获得足够的能力和国际竞争力,可能有必要在一开始就专注于某些领域。无论如何,专利的支持只有在与技术战略密切相关时才能成功。
更新日期:2021-12-17
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