This study investigates least delicate patterns of appraisal in two diachronic corpora of UK Parliament and U.S. Congress speeches over the last two centuries, focusing on diachronic changes and trends of systemic probabilities of least delicate engagement and attitude polarity. Based on computational algorithms that automatically extract appraisal instances and intersections from the two corpora, the comparative analysis carried out in this paper incorporates several statistical methods, including homogeneity or ‘change-point’ tests, Mann-Kendall trend analysis, and time-series Correspondence Analysis. The results indicate that, in both corpora, probabilities of monoglossic as well as attitudinal patterns (as opposed to neutral ones) follow statistically significant upward trends. In addition, positive polarity is increasing steadily, especially in the U.S. Congress. appraisal intersections are also dynamically changing depending on changes in sociopolitical circumstances. More specifically, in the formative and early years during which party conflicts were intensified, heteroglossic patterns are favored. In war and post-war periods, monoglossic patterns are more associated with neutral polarity. In recent decades, during which political polarization hit a peak, monoglossic patterns begin to favor attitudinal polarity. These findings are discussed in terms of possible causal and correlational interpretations, limitations and directions for future research.

中文翻译：

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议会和国会语言中最不敏感评估的历时变化

本研究调查了过去两个世纪英国议会和美国国会演讲的两个历时语料库中的最不敏感评估模式，重点关注最不敏感参与和态度极性的系统概率的历时变化和趋势。基于自动从两个语料库中提取评估实例和交集的计算算法，本文进行的比较分析结合了几种统计方法，包括同质性或“变点”测试、Mann-Kendall 趋势分析和时间序列对应分析。结果表明，在这两个语料库中，单语和态度模式（与中性模式相对）的概率都遵循统计上显着的上升趋势。此外，正极性正在稳步增加，特别是在美国国会。评估交叉点也根据社会政治环境的变化而动态变化。更具体地说，在政党冲突加剧的形成期和早期，异语模式受到青睐。在战争和战后时期，单舌图案与中性极性更相关。近几十年来，政治两极分化达到顶峰，单语模式开始支持态度两极分化。这些发现在可能的因果关系和相关解释、局限性和未来研究方向方面进行了讨论。在党派冲突加剧的形成期和早年，异语模式受到青睐。在战争和战后时期，单舌图案与中性极性更相关。近几十年来，政治两极分化达到顶峰，单语模式开始支持态度两极分化。这些发现在可能的因果关系和相关解释、局限性和未来研究方向方面进行了讨论。在党派冲突加剧的形成期和早年，异语模式受到青睐。在战争和战后时期，单舌图案与中性极性更相关。近几十年来，政治两极分化达到顶峰，单语模式开始支持态度两极分化。这些发现在可能的因果关系和相关解释、局限性和未来研究方向方面进行了讨论。