Theory of mind (ToM) research assumes an idealized ability in adults (Begeer et al., 2010). Links between ToM and social skills are often presupposed and some researchers argue that claims about the relationship between the two are often broad and unjustified (Hughes & Leekam, 2004; Liddle & Nettle, 2006). Perspective-taking (PT) has been heavily implicated in social cognition (Ruby & Decety, 2004) and is commonly placed under the title of ToM (Baron-Cohen, 2000). However, it is suggested that ToM and PT are not the same skills and may in fact be two distinct forms of social cognition (Cutting & Dunn, 1999). The current study explored the relationship between PT and social skills within a typically developed adult population. Eighty participants completed the Social Skills Inventory (SSI, Riggio & Carney, 2003) in addition to a computerised PT task. Greater PT ability was associated with greater social ability. Expressivity and control scores were predicted by PT ability, indicating that greater PT ability is predictive of greater control skills and expressivity skills in individuals and vice versa. Greater emotional intelligence has been associated with superior PT ability and higher expressivity in individuals (Goleman, 1995; Schutte et al., 2001). We suggest that emotional intelligence could be contributing to the relationship between expressivity and PT. Additionally, as both control behaviors and PT abilities place a demand on cognitive resources (Richards & Gross, 2000; Surtees et al., 2016), we argue that the same executive processes are utilized in both abilities.

中文翻译：

---

成人的观点采择和社交能力

心智理论 (ToM) 研究假设成年人具有理想化的能力（Begeer 等，2010）。ToM 和社交技能之间的联系通常是预先假设的，一些研究人员认为，关于两者之间关系的说法往往是广泛且不合理的（Hughes & Leekam，2004；Liddle & Nettle，2006）。观点采择（PT）与社会认知密切相关（Ruby & Decety，2004）并且通常被置于 ToM 的标题下（Baron-Cohen，2000）。然而，有人认为 ToM 和 PT 不是相同的技能，实际上可能是两种不同的社会认知形式（Cutting & Dunn，1999）。当前的研究探讨了典型发育成年人群中 PT 与社交技能之间的关系。除了计算机化的 PT 任务外，80 名参与者还完成了社交技能调查表（SSI、Riggio 和 Carney，2003 年）。较高的 PT 能力与较高的社交能力相关。表达能力和控制得分是通过 PT 能力来预测的，这表明较高的 PT 能力预示着个体较高的控制技能和表达技能，反之亦然。较高的情商与个体较高的 PT 能力和较高的表达能力相关（Goleman，1995；Schutte 等，2001）。我们认为情商可能有助于表达能力和 PT 之间的关系。此外，由于控制行为和 PT 能力都对认知资源有需求（Richards & Gross，2000；Surtees 等人，2016），我们认为这两种能力都利用了相同的执行过程。