The article explores how different factors shape migrants’ transnational social fields and support networks through a comparative study of two different groups of migrants—asylum seekers and expatriates—in Budapest, Hungary. To do so, the study employs a parallel mixed‐methods social network design by combining personal network data with qualitative data based on interviews and ethnographic fieldwork with thirty‐three migrants in the aftermath of the 2015 refugee crisis. The article presents three key findings: First, it finds that asylum seekers’ and expatriates’ networks differ on several key characteristics, as asylum seekers’ close personal networks are less efficient, smaller in size, and show a remarkable lack of friendship and transnational support ties. Second, it also finds that asylum seekers have limited access to social support and, especially so, to financial and emotional support. Lastly, using multi‐level models, the article also demonstrates how migrants’ legal status and the transnationality of their support ties affect their access to financial support, as well as how their gender and legal status shape their access to emotional support. These findings illustrate how migrants’ individual opportunity structures affect their transnational practices alongside their access to social support, while also highlighting the importance of several individual and contextual factors which contribute to the diverse integration processes of migrants.

中文翻译：

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特权不是选择：寻求庇护者和外籍人士的跨国支持网络

本文通过对匈牙利布达佩斯的两个不同移民群体（寻求庇护者和外籍人士）的比较研究，探讨了不同因素如何塑造移民的跨国社会领域和支持网络。为此，该研究采用了一种并行的混合方法社交网络设计，将个人网络数据与基于 2015 年难民危机后 33 名移民的访谈和民族志实地调查的定性数据相结合。这篇文章提出了三个主要发现：首先，它发现寻求庇护者和外籍人士的网络在几个关键特征上存在差异，因为寻求庇护者的密切个人网络效率较低、规模较小，并且表现出明显缺乏友谊和跨国支持联系。其次，它还发现寻求庇护者获得社会支持的机会有限，并且，尤其是在经济和情感上的支持。最后，使用多层次模型，本文还展示了移民的法律地位和支持关系的跨国性如何影响他们获得经济支持的机会，以及他们的性别和法律地位如何影响他们获得情感支持的机会。这些发现说明了移民的个人机会结构如何影响他们的跨国实践以及他们获得社会支持的机会，同时也强调了一些个人和背景因素的重要性，这些因素有助于移民的多样化融入过程。以及他们的性别和法律地位如何影响他们获得情感支持的机会。这些发现说明了移民的个人机会结构如何影响他们的跨国实践以及他们获得社会支持的机会，同时也强调了一些个人和背景因素的重要性，这些因素有助于移民的多样化融入过程。以及他们的性别和法律地位如何影响他们获得情感支持的机会。这些发现说明了移民的个人机会结构如何影响他们的跨国实践以及他们获得社会支持的机会，同时也强调了一些个人和背景因素的重要性，这些因素有助于移民的多样化融入过程。