Despite the recent economic growth and gender equality improvement in educational attainment, important gender disparities remain in the Peruvian labour market. This article provides a comprehensive overview of the Peruvian gender wage gap evolution during 2007–2018 and identifies key elements that explain its patterns. First, the article shows that the raw wage gap showed an upward trend between 2007–2011, ranging from 6% to 12%, and remaining around that top bound ever since. Second, using Oaxaca‐Blinder decomposition we find that the unexplained wage gap has remained virtually unchanged at around 17% during the study period. Reductions in endowment differences between men and women coupled with a stagnant unexplained gap led to slightly larger raw wage gaps over time. Moreover, the stagnant unexplained gap suggests the presence of structural problems regarding social norms, gender stereotyping and potential discrimination that affects the wage gap. Third, we show that both at a national and regional level, gender wage gaps are larger within the lowest percentiles, and they mostly have a downward slope across the earnings distribution. Finally, after computing the raw and unexplained gap at the region‐year level, we show that smaller regional gender gaps are associated with (a) higher GDP, (b) lower levels of domestic physical violence against women, and (c) lower percentages of women as household heads.

中文翻译：

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秘鲁的性别工资差距：驱动因素、演变和异质性

尽管最近经济增长和教育程度方面的性别平等有所改善，但秘鲁劳动力市场仍然存在重要的性别差异。本文全面概述了 2007-2018 年间秘鲁性别工资差距的演变，并确定了解释其模式的关键要素。首先，文章显示，原始工资差距在 2007 年至 2011 年期间呈上升趋势，从 6% 到 12% 不等，此后一直保持在该上限附近。其次，使用 Oaxaca-Blinder 分解，我们发现无法解释的工资差距在研究期间几乎保持在 17% 左右。男女之间禀赋差异的缩小，加上无法解释的停滞不前，导致原始工资差距随着时间的推移略有扩大。而且，无法解释的停滞不前表明存在影响工资差距的社会规范、性别陈规定型观念和潜在歧视等结构性问题。第三，我们表明，无论是在国家层面还是地区层面，性别工资差距在最低百分位数内都较大，并且在收入分布中大多呈下降趋势。最后，在计算了地区-年级别的原始和无法解释的差距后，我们发现较小的地区性别差距与 (a) 较高的 GDP、(b) 较低的针对女性的家庭身体暴力水平以及 (c) 较低的百分比有关作为一家之主的女性。在最低百分位数内，性别工资差距较大，而且在收入分配中大多呈下降趋势。最后，在计算了地区-年级别的原始和无法解释的差距后，我们发现较小的地区性别差距与 (a) 较高的 GDP、(b) 较低的针对女性的家庭身体暴力水平以及 (c) 较低的百分比有关作为一家之主的女性。在最低百分位数内，性别工资差距较大，而且在收入分配中大多呈下降趋势。最后，在计算了地区-年级别的原始和无法解释的差距后，我们发现较小的地区性别差距与 (a) 较高的 GDP、(b) 较低的针对女性的家庭身体暴力水平以及 (c) 较低的百分比有关作为一家之主的女性。