The two‐way relationship between inclusion and participation makes municipal child participation organisations and experiences a key means of guaranteeing the inclusion in community life of children and adolescents, who are traditionally excluded from decision‐making and the promotion of changes in the realities of their lives. One of the main objectives of municipal child participation organisations is to ensure that these spaces are inclusive. This means that they must promote equality of guarantees and conditions in the development of the right to participation from a perspective that addresses the different axes of inequality, not only in access to these spaces but also in the relational dynamics that take place in them. Based on a theoretical reflection on inclusion and participation, this article analyses the data from a questionnaire applied to 279 people (191 technical figures and 88 elected authorities) from 179 municipalities in Spain, which seeks to describe the state of child and adolescent participation in municipalities that are part of the International Association of Educating Cities, Child Friendly Cities, or both. A qualitative analysis is made of those issues related to the strategies used to promote inclusion within the Children’s Councils, as well as in the initiatives promoted in the field of child participation. The results show agreement in considering Children’s Councils to be inclusive bodies, but the means and procedures used do not always guarantee this inclusiveness.

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包容作为参与的价值：西班牙的儿童理事会

包容和参与之间的双向关系使得市级儿童参与组织和体验成为保证儿童和青少年融入社区生活的关键手段，他们传统上被排除在决策之外，并促进了他们生活现实的改变. 市政儿童参与组织的主要目标之一是确保这些空间具有包容性。这意味着他们必须从解决不平等的不同轴心的角度促进参与权发展的保障和条件平等，不仅在进入这些空间方面，而且在其中发生的关系动态方面。基于对包容和参与的理论反思，本文分析了来自西班牙 179 个城市的 279 人（191 名技术人员和 88 名民选当局）的问卷数据，该问卷旨在描述儿童和青少年参与国际教育城市协会的城市的状况，儿童友好型城市，或两者兼而有之。对与用于促进儿童委员会包容的战略以及在儿童参与领域促进的倡议有关的问题进行了定性分析。结果表明同意将儿童理事会视为包容性机构，但所使用的手段和程序并不总能保证这种包容性。它旨在描述儿童和青少年在国际教育城市协会、儿童友好城市或两者兼有的城市中的参与状况。对与用于促进儿童委员会包容的战略以及在儿童参与领域促进的倡议有关的问题进行了定性分析。结果表明同意将儿童理事会视为包容性机构，但所使用的手段和程序并不总能保证这种包容性。它旨在描述儿童和青少年在国际教育城市协会、儿童友好城市或两者兼有的城市中的参与状况。对与用于促进儿童委员会包容的战略以及在儿童参与领域促进的倡议有关的问题进行了定性分析。结果表明同意将儿童理事会视为包容性机构，但所使用的手段和程序并不总能保证这种包容性。以及在儿童参与领域推动的举措。结果表明同意将儿童理事会视为包容性机构，但所使用的手段和程序并不总能保证这种包容性。以及在儿童参与领域推动的举措。结果表明同意将儿童理事会视为包容性机构，但所使用的手段和程序并不总能保证这种包容性。