This paper identifies some of the key characteristics of the marketisation of adult learning and education (ALE) and analyses the effects in the contexts of Germany (focusing on Bavaria) and Slovenia. ALE policies and institutional practices are analysed through the method of document analysis and interviews. Policy models of ALE proposed by Lima and Guimarães—the democratic–emancipatory model, the modernisation and state control model, and the human resources management model—are used as an analytical framework. Our findings indicate that the latter model prevails in the analysed policies, while the market forces are introduced on the organisational level of ALE from ‘below’ through the increased influence of the market demand coming from the learners/customers, and from ‘above’ through calls for tenders that shape the ‘quasi-market’ in which the ALE organisations compete for funding. However, signs of resistance to the marketisation of ALE practices are also identified.

中文翻译：

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“你必须像公司一样经营它”

本文确定了成人学习和教育市场化 (ALE) 的一些关键特征，并分析了在德国（侧重于巴伐利亚）和斯洛文尼亚的背景下的影响。通过文件分析和访谈的方法分析 ALE 政策和制度实践。Lima 和 Guimarães 提出的 ALE 政策模型——民主解放模型、现代化和国家控制模型以及人力资源管理模型——被用作分析框架。我们的研究结果表明，后一种模型在分析的政策中占主导地位，而市场力量通过来自学习者/客户的市场需求的影响增加，从“下方”引入 ALE 的组织层面，并从“上方”通过招标形成 ALE 组织竞争资金的“准市场”。然而，也发现了对 ALE 实践市场化的抵制迹象。