Currently, there are limited studies on the application of the social cognitive theory in social psychology, particularly in explaining and predicting panic-buying behavior during the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia.  This study is primarily aimed at acknowledging the role of the social cognitive theory’s development in explaining and predicting the panic-buying behavior of Indonesian citizens during the COVID-19 pandemic. The development of the theory is attained by combining emotions and subjective norms to predict the panic-buying behavior intention in Indonesia. Using a purposive sampling technique, the sample size consists of 350 respondents from various areas, such as Jakarta, Tangerang, and Banten. An online survey was performed as the data collection method. Social desirabilit response (SDR) test was also conducted by this study to guarantee the naturality of the replies from the respondents. Data were then analyzed using structural equation modeling (SEM) with a two-stage approach. The result demonstrated that emotions have the highest impact on the panic-buying behavioral intention. Further, subjective norms, self-efficacy, and social outcome expectancies have the second, third, and fourth highest impacts on panic-buying behavior, respectively. In general, the social cognitive theory model developed in this study can understand, explain, and predict panic-buying behavior during the COVID-19 pandemic outbreak in Indonesia. Overall, the results of this study may serve as basic information for practitioners and business persons by providing insights regarding the factors that form consumers’ intentions and behavior during the pandemic, relating to their buying decisions.

中文翻译：

---

印度尼西亚 Covid-19 大流行期间的恐慌购买行为：社会认知理论模型

目前，关于社会认知理论在社会心理学中的应用研究有限，特别是在解释和预测印度尼西亚 COVID-19 大流行期间的恐慌购买行为方面。这项研究的主要目的是承认社会认知理论的发展在解释和预测 COVID-19 大流行期间印度尼西亚公民的恐慌性购买行为方面的作用。该理论的发展是通过结合情绪和主观规范来预测印度尼西亚的恐慌购买行为意图。使用有目的的抽样技术，样本量由来自雅加达、坦格朗和万丹等不同地区的 350 名受访者组成。作为数据收集方法进行了在线调查。本研究还进行了社会期望反应（SDR）测试，以保证受访者回复的自然性。然后使用具有两阶段方法的结构方程建模 (SEM) 分析数据。结果表明，情绪对恐慌性购买行为意向的影响最大。此外，主观规范、自我效能感和社会结果预期对恐慌性购买行为的影响分别位居第二、第三和第四位。总的来说，本研究中开发的社会认知理论模型可以理解、解释和预测印度尼西亚 COVID-19 大流行期间的恐慌购买行为。全面的，