Hate speech on social media is a real problem with real consequences. Despite the constant efforts of social media platforms to moderate, flag, and ban hate posts, there is still a vast amount of hateful content flooding them. Hate speech, in general, and offensive material online, in particular, are not easy to define and may include a wide spectre of expression. To thoroughly account for the nature and intensity of the effects of hate speech in social media requires to distinguish between various shades of hate speech targeting different groups and their subsequent effects. This paper seeks to review the literature on the psychological effects of online hate speech on the LGBT community and to highlight the strong negative impact of this phenomenon. The paper aims to contribute to the field by examining the propagation and the effects of derogatory language and hate speech based on sexual orientation.

中文翻译：

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社交媒体中的仇恨言论及其对 LGBT 社区的影响：当前研究回顾

社交媒体上的仇恨言论是一个具有实际后果的真正问题。尽管社交媒体平台不断努力缓和、标记和禁止仇恨帖子，但仍有大量仇恨内容充斥着它们。一般而言，仇恨言论，尤其是在线令人反感的材料，不容易定义，可能包含广泛的表达方式。要彻底解释社交媒体中仇恨言论影响的性质和强度，需要区分针对不同群体的各种仇恨言论及其后续影响。本文旨在回顾有关网络仇恨言论对 LGBT 社区的心理影响的文献，并强调这一现象的强烈负面影响。