The peculiarities of the swimmers’ respiratory system response to a special physical load were studied. The swimmers of high sports qualification aged 16–18 years old, who specialize in swimming at distances of various lengths, underwent the examination. At the first stage, we used exercises aimed at enhancing the anaerobic work power in swimming. At the second stage, the parameters of the swimmers’ respiratory system response to the load in aerobic and anaerobic zone were studied. At the third stage of the study, the changes of the swimmers’ respiratory functions under physical loads at the level of MOC (maximum oxygen consumption) were researched. The investigation of respiratory system functions of stayer swimmers was conducted with the use of a Spirolab-3 spirometer (spirograph). We found that the recovery of qualified swimmers can be activated when aerobic and anaerobic mechanisms of energy metabolism are combined. The results of the study confirm that the swimmers’ respiratory functions influence the processes of recovery of their working capacity after being exposed to multidirectional physical loads. The sprinters’ anaerobic mechanisms of muscle function are better developed. The stayers’ aerobic mechanisms of energy metabolism function better. In order to activate the recovery of qualified swimmers, it is advisable to combine aerobic and anaerobic mechanisms of energy metabolism.

中文翻译：

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暴露于多向物理负荷的合格游泳者的呼吸功能特点

研究了游泳者呼吸系统对特殊体力负荷反应的特性。16-18岁，擅长不同距离游泳的高体质游泳运动员参加考试。在第一阶段，我们使用了旨在提高游泳无氧功的练习。第二阶段，研究游泳者呼吸系统对有氧区和无氧区负荷的反应参数。在研究的第三阶段，在MOC（最大耗氧量）水平下，研究游泳者在体力负荷下呼吸功能的变化。使用 Spirolab-3 肺活量计（肺活量计）对游泳者的呼吸系统功能进行了调查。我们发现，当能量代谢的有氧和无氧机制相结合时，可以激活合格游泳运动员的恢复。研究结果证实，游泳者的呼吸功能会影响他们在受到多向体力负荷后恢复工作能力的过程。短跑运动员的肌肉功能的无氧机制得到了更好的发展。停留者的有氧能量代谢机制功能更好。为了激活合格游泳运动员的恢复，建议结合有氧和无氧的能量代谢机制。研究结果证实，游泳者的呼吸功能会影响他们在受到多向体力负荷后恢复工作能力的过程。短跑运动员的肌肉功能的无氧机制得到了更好的发展。停留者的有氧能量代谢机制功能更好。为了激活合格游泳运动员的恢复，建议结合有氧和无氧的能量代谢机制。研究结果证实，游泳者的呼吸功能会影响他们在受到多向体力负荷后恢复工作能力的过程。短跑运动员的肌肉功能的无氧机制得到了更好的发展。停留者的有氧能量代谢机制功能更好。为了激活合格游泳运动员的恢复，建议结合有氧和无氧的能量代谢机制。