The author explores various compositional levels of the Russian modernist author Mikhail Kuzmin’s long poem “The Trout Breaks the Ice”. The levels are: (1) the grammatical tenses vs. the astronomical time (non-finite verb forms (imperative) are also assumed to indicate time); (2) the meters of this polymetric poem; (3) realistic vs. symbolic and (4) static vs. dynamic narrative modes. The analysis is done by the chapter, and the data are summarized in five tables. It turned out that certain features regularly co-occur, thus supporting the complex composition of the poem. In particular, the present tense and time regularly mark the realistic and static chapters written in various meters, whereas the past tense and time are specific to the realistic and dynamic chapters written in iambic pentameter. The article sheds new light on the compositional structure of Kuzmin’s poem and the general principles of poetic composition.

中文翻译：

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米哈伊尔·库兹明（Mikhail Kuzmin）的“鳟鱼破冰”：诗歌和语法

作者探索了俄罗斯现代主义作家米哈伊尔·库兹明的长诗《鳟鱼破冰》的不同构图层次。级别是：（1）语法时态与天文时间（非限定动词形式（命令式）也被假定为指示时间）；(2) 这首多韵诗的韵律；(3) 现实与象征和 (4) 静态与动态叙事模式。分析由章节完成，数据汇总在五个表格中。事实证明，某些特征经常同时出现，从而支持了这首诗的复杂构图。特别是，现在时和时间经常标记以各种米写的现实和静态章节，而过去时和时间则特定于以五步抑扬格书写的现实和动态章节。