Blockchain technology has gained prominence over the last decade. Numerous achievements have been made regarding how this technology can be utilized in different aspects of the industry, market, and governmental departments. Due to the safety-critical and security-critical nature of their uses, it is pivotal to model the dependability of blockchain-based systems. In this study, we focus on Bitcoin, a blockchain-based peer-to-peer cryptocurrency system. A continuous-time Markov chain-based analytical method is put forward to model and quantify the dependability of the Bitcoin system under selfish mining attacks. Numerical results are provided to examine the influences of several key parameters related to selfish miners’ computing power, attack triggering, and honest miners’ recovery capability. The conclusion made based on this research may contribute to the design of resilience algorithms to enhance the self-defense and robustness of cryptocurrency systems.

中文翻译：

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比特币自私挖矿建模与可靠性分析

区块链技术在过去十年中获得了突出地位。在如何将这项技术应用于行业、市场和政府部门的不同方面，已经取得了许多成就。由于其使用的安全关键和安全关键性质，对基于区块链的系统的可靠性进行建模至关重要。在这项研究中，我们专注于比特币，一种基于区块链的点对点加密货币系统。提出了一种基于连续时间马尔可夫链的分析方法，对自私挖矿攻击下比特币系统的可靠性进行建模和量化。提供了数值结果来检验与自私矿工的计算能力、攻击触发和诚实矿工的恢复能力相关的几个关键参数的影响。