The spread and development of the Indus Valley Civilisation, also known as the Harappan civilisation, one of the oldest civilisations of the world, is still an enigma. Indus Valley Civilisation was spread over modern day India and Pakistan. The civilisation has been divided into three phases, Early or Pre-Harappan, Mature or Urban Harappan and Post- or Late Harappan. The Urban phase is very well studied and understood. However, this phase is the culmination of a process that started much earlier. A lot of effort during recent years has led to new discoveries and clues regarding the interactions during the Early Harappan period between now politically divided areas. Unfortunately, this struggle to understand the spread of Early Harappan cultural traits between these distinct regions is one on-going and far from over. Explorations and subsequent excavations at the site of Juna Khatiya, situated in Kachchh district of Gujarat, India have brought to light noteworthy evidence of the Early Harappan period in terms of artefacts and burials. Other than the ubiquitous pottery, these indications include a lithic blade industry comprising of various types of blades, various types of scrapers, points and associated lithic debitage. The tools are made out of locally available raw material (mostly chalcedony). However, the discovery of a few blades of chert imported from the Rohri hills (situated about 500 km as-the-crow-flies from Gujarat) in modern Pakistan is important. Rohri chert blades are significant since they are very distinct and easily identifiable. The wide distribution of standardised Rohri chert blades is also often regarded as a testimony to the Harappan efficiency in long distance trade and craft production. The technique used in the manufacturing of these blades is known as the crested guiding ridge, a technique not observed in Gujarat before this contact between Sindh (in modern Pakistan) and Gujarat (in modern India) developed. This paper highlights the contributions of lithic artefacts to understand the Early Harappan interactions between these two politically divided but culturally united regions.

中文翻译：

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石器工具证明了信德省和古吉拉特邦之间的早期哈拉潘互动

印度河流域文明，也被称为哈拉潘文明，是世界上最古老的文明之一，其传播和发展仍然是一个谜。印度河流域文明遍布现代印度和巴基斯坦。文明分为三个阶段，早期或前哈拉帕、成熟或城市哈拉帕以及后或晚期哈拉帕。城市阶段得到了很好的研究和理解。然而，这个阶段是一个更早开始的过程的高潮。近年来的大量努力导致了新的发现和线索，这些新发现和线索是关于早期哈拉潘时期现在政治分裂地区之间的相互作用。不幸的是，了解这些不同地区之间早期哈拉帕文化特征传播的斗争仍在进行中，而且远未结束。在位于印度古吉拉特邦 Kachchh 区的 Juna Khatiya 遗址的勘探和随后的挖掘工作揭示了早期 Harappan 时期的人工制品和墓葬的值得注意的证据。除了普遍存在的陶器外，这些适应症还包括由各种类型的刀片、各种类型的刮刀、刀尖和相关的石质借方组成的石化刀片行业。这些工具由当地可用的原材料（主要是玉髓）制成。然而，在现代巴基斯坦发现一些从 Rohri 山（距古吉拉特邦约 500 公里的乌鸦座）进口的燧石刀片是很重要的。Rohri 燧石刀片非常重要，因为它们非常独特且易于识别。标准化 Rohri 燧石刀片的广泛分布也经常被视为 Harappan 在长途贸易和工艺生产中效率的证明。制造这些叶片所使用的技术被称为有顶导向脊，在信德省（现代巴基斯坦）和古吉拉特邦（现代印度）之间的这种接触发展之前，古吉拉特邦没有观察到这种技术。本文重点介绍了石器制品对理解这两个政治分裂但文化统一的地区之间的早期哈拉帕互动的贡献。