Technological variability within East African Middle Stone Age (MSA) lithic assemblages is considered a reflection of regional or local identities. These identities are a possible outcome of different social dynamics in human populations or interaction with the environment. Here we analysed the lithic assemblage from GOT 1-S site, in the Gotera area (Southern Ethiopia) in order to integrate fresh data from the region into the broader discussion on the technological variability of the MSA of Eastern Africa. To reach this goal, we considered lithic data from a surface dispersion, through the combination of different methods. Technological and statistical analyses performed on lithic assemblage suggest the existence of two distinct reduction sequences related to different raw materials: quartz and basalt. The technological analysis shows a more opportunistic reduction strategy on basalt artefacts, while the quartz lithic assemblage exhibits a more accurate preparation of core striking platforms and more predetermined products. The results of technological analyses on flakes, tools and cores were elaborated using Principal Component Analysis and Cluster Analysis. The two analyses allowed to confirm the hypothesis of two reduction strategies according to different raw material selection and managing. Furthermore, the categorical attributes from cores and flakes were processed by means of Correspondence Analysis, highlighting the technological differences linked to the different raw materials exploited. Moreover, the combined results from the technological and statistical analyses proved the validity of this integrated methodology to analyse a lithic collection from a surface context.

中文翻译：

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埃塞俄比亚南部戈特拉的中石器时代 (MSA) 遗址的岩石变率和原材料开采：技术和定量相结合的方法

东非中石器时代 (MSA) 石器组合内的技术变异性被认为是区域或地方特征的反映。这些身份是人类不同社会动态或与环境相互作用的可能结果。在这里，我们分析了来自 Gotera 地区（埃塞俄比亚南部）的 GOT 1-S 现场的岩石组合，以便将该地区的新数据整合到关于东非 MSA 技术可变性的更广泛讨论中。为了达到这个目标，我们通过结合不同的方法考虑了来自表面分散体的岩石数据。对岩屑组合进行的技术和统计分析表明，存在与不同原材料相关的两种不同的还原序列：石英和玄武岩。技术分析表明，玄武岩人工制品的还原策略更为投机取巧，而石英岩组合则显示出更准确的取芯平台准备和更多预定产品。使用主成分分析和聚类分析对薄片、工具和核心的技术分析结果进行了阐述。这两种分析可以根据不同的原材料选择和管理来确认两种减少策略的假设。此外，通过对应分析处理了核心和薄片的分类属性，突出了与所开发的不同原材料相关的技术差异。而且，