Background: The rights of the child have always been a focus of international organisations, including the United Nations. This is evidenced by the fact that in 1979 the UN Commission on Human Rights established a Working Group to draft a convention on the rights of the child, which from 1979 to 1989 worked on establishing a universal treaty for children around the world. Among other articles, members of the Working Group developed provisions on juvenile justice. The result of this hard work was that international standards of juvenile justice were established in Arts. 37 and 40 of the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child.Methods: The historical and legal methods were the main methods of the research, which allowed us to make a comparison of the draft texts of Arts. 37 and 40. This comparison gave us an opportunity to trace the development of thoughts of states parties about the treatment of children in penal matters and punishments for committed crimes. The paper begins by considering the draft texts of Art. 20 (which would become Arts. 37 and 40) of the Convention that were proposed for discussion. We reveal the main discussions and contradictions of the members of the Working Group. The next part describes the reason for dividing the initial article about juvenile justice into two separate parts. The final important comments and suggestions of state parties are also highlighted.Results and Conclusions: The process of adopting these articles was long and difficult, as it turned out that developing universal proposals with which all member states would agree was a complex task. Nowadays, Ukraine is trying to reform its legislation, particularly in the sphere of juvenile justice. That is why some useful recommendations for Ukrainian legislation are proposed in the concluding remarks.

中文翻译：

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少年司法的国际标准：它的创造和对乌克兰立法的影响

背景：儿童权利一直是包括联合国在内的国际组织关注的焦点。1979 年联合国人权委员会成立了一个工作组来起草一项儿童权利公约，这一事实证明了这一点，该工作组在 1979 年至 1989 年期间致力于为世界各地的儿童制定一项普遍条约。除其他条款外，工作组成员制定了关于少年司法的条款。这项辛勤工作的结果是在艺术领域确立了国际少年司法标准。联合国儿童权利公约第37条和第40条。方法：历史和法律方法是研究的主要方法，这使我们能够对艺术文本草案进行比较。37 和 40。这种比较使我们有机会追溯缔约国关于在刑事事项中对待儿童和对犯罪行为进行惩罚的思想发展。本文首先考虑艺术的文本草案。建议讨论的公约第 20 条（将成为第 37 和 40 条）。我们揭示了工作组成员的主要讨论和矛盾。下一部分描述了将关于少年司法的最初文章分成两个独立部分的原因。最后还强调了缔约国的重要意见和建议。 结果和结论：通过这些条款的过程是漫长而艰难的，因为事实证明，制定所有成员国都同意的普遍提案是一项复杂的任务。如今，乌克兰正试图改革其立法，特别是在少年司法领域。这就是为什么在结束语中提出了一些对乌克兰立法有用的建议。