AbstractThe COVID-19 pandemic has underscored emerging vulnerabilities in the US research and development (R&D) ecosystem. While an open and collaborative environment has been essential for advancing R&D, this approach exposes university-based R&D to a variety of security threats including state-supported efforts, attacks by malicious actors, and insufficient internal mitigation. As the pandemic led to more remote work and online collaboration, the incidence of exploitation has expanded. Increased security measures are needed to insulate and protect the R&D ecosystem, and US innovation more broadly, while maintaining the fundamental qualities that have contributed to its historical success. In this article, we present the Research Integrity Security Certification (RISC) framework. This concept preserves the autonomy of the US higher education system while also suggesting a mechanism whose effect would be a general enhancement of the security of the US university R&D enterprise with minimal additional state involvement. Much of the work in the proposed model is done by market mechanisms and self-interested microeconomic calculations that generate beneficial aggregate effects. The RISC framework modernizes the university R&D enterprise while strengthening it to operate in this evolving security environment.

中文翻译：

---

为大学研发企业接种疫苗：RISC 如何加强 COVID-19 后的研究诚信和全球供应链

摘要 COVID-19 大流行凸显了美国研发 (R&D) 生态系统中新出现的漏洞。虽然开放和协作的环境对于推进研发至关重要，但这种方法使基于大学的研发面临各种安全威胁，包括国家支持的努力、恶意行为者的攻击以及内部缓解不足。随着大流行导致更多的远程工作和在线协作，剥削的发生率已经扩大。需要加强安全措施来隔离和保护研发生态系统以及更广泛的美国创新，同时保持促成其历史性成功的基本品质。在本文中，我们介绍了研究完整性安全认证 (RISC) 框架。这一概念保留了美国高等教育系统的自主权，同时也提出了一种机制，其效果将是总体上增强美国大学研发企业的安全性，而政府的额外参与最少。拟议模型中的大部分工作是通过市场机制和产生有益的总体效应的自利微观经济计算完成的。RISC 框架使大学研发企业现代化，同时加强其在这种不断发展的安全环境中的运作。拟议模型中的大部分工作是通过市场机制和产生有益的总体效应的自利微观经济计算完成的。RISC 框架使大学研发企业现代化，同时加强其在这种不断发展的安全环境中的运作。拟议模型中的大部分工作是通过市场机制和产生有益的总体效应的自利微观经济计算完成的。RISC 框架使大学研发企业现代化，同时加强其在这种不断发展的安全环境中的运作。