In the aftermath of World War II, Italy’s centrist leaders saw in the emerging US empire an opportunity to implement emigration schemes that had been in circulation for decades. Hundreds of thousands of Italian peasant farmers could perhaps be able to settle on Latin American and African land thanks to the contribution of US capital. This article examines the Italian elites’ obsession with rural colonization abroad as the product of their desire to valorize the legacy of Italy's settler colonialism in Libya and thereby reinvent Italy's place in the world in the aftermath of military defeat and decolonization. Despite the deep ambivalence of US officials, Italy received Marshall Plan funds to carry out experimental settlements in several Latin American countries. These visions of rural settlement also built on the nascent discourses about the ‘development’ of non-western areas. Despite the limited size and success of the Italian rural ‘colonies’ in Latin America, these projects afford a window into the politics of decolonization, the character of US hegemony at the height of the Cold War, and the evolving attitude of Latin American governments towards immigration and rural development. They also reveal the contradictory relationships between Italy's leaders and the country's rural masses, viewed as redundant and yet precious elements to be deployed in a global geopolitical game.

中文翻译：

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劳动力、资本和土地的三角测量：拉丁美洲的意大利移民殖民化和美国霸权的矛盾，1947-1953

二战结束后，意大利的中间派领导人在新兴的美利坚帝国中看到了实施已流传数十年的移民计划的机会。由于美国资本的贡献，成千上万的意大利农民也许能够在拉丁美洲和非洲的土地上定居。本文考察了意大利精英对海外农村殖民的痴迷，这是他们希望在利比亚定居的意大利殖民主义遗产的产物，从而在军事失败和非殖民化之后重塑意大利在世界上的地位。尽管美国官员的矛盾心理很深，意大利还是获得了马歇尔计划的资金，在几个拉丁美洲国家开展实验性定居点。这些关于农村定居的愿景也建立在关于非西部地区“发展”的新生话语之上。尽管意大利农村“殖民地”在拉丁美洲的规模和成功有限，但这些项目提供了一个了解非殖民化政治、冷战高峰时期美国霸权特征以及拉丁美洲政府不断演变的态度的窗口。移民和农村发展。它们还揭示了意大利领导人与该国农村群众之间的矛盾关系，被视为在全球地缘政治博弈中部署的多余而宝贵的元素。冷战高峰时期美国霸权的性质，以及拉丁美洲政府对移民和农村发展的态度不断变化。它们还揭示了意大利领导人与该国农村群众之间的矛盾关系，被视为在全球地缘政治博弈中部署的多余而宝贵的元素。冷战高峰时期美国霸权的性质，以及拉丁美洲政府对移民和农村发展的态度不断变化。它们还揭示了意大利领导人与该国农村群众之间的矛盾关系，被视为在全球地缘政治博弈中部署的多余而宝贵的元素。