Abstract:

Polish has three quasi-synonymous impersonal constructions: the -no/-to construction, the reflexive impersonal, and the 3pl impersonal. This raises the question of what the differences between them are and how one of them is selected. This paper presents the results of an acceptability judgment test, which is informed by an explorative corpus study and examines the following factors: colloquial vs. neutral register; perfective vs. imperfective aspect; present tense vs. preterite; and generic vs. specific reading. The main findings are that the 3pl impersonal turned out to be better in colloquial discourse and the reflexive impersonal is much more acceptable with the imperfective than with the perfective aspect. Furthermore, the corpus data and the acceptability judgments show numerically that both reflexive and 3pl impersonal have a certain tendency towards present tense and generic reading, and that the -no/-to construction is more typical with the perfective than the imperfective aspect.

摘要：

波兰语有三个准同义的非个人结构： - no /- to构造，反身的非个人的，和3pl非个人的。这就提出了它们之间的区别是什么以及如何选择其中一个的问题。本文介绍了可接受性判断测试的结果，该测试由探索性语料库研究提供信息，并检查以下因素：口语与中性语域；完美与不完美的方面；现在时与过去时；和通用与特定的阅读。主要发现是 3pl 非人格化在口语话语中表现得更好，而反射性非人格化在不完美方面比在完美方面更容易接受。此外，语料库数据和可接受性判断在数字上表明，反身和 3pl 非人称都具有一定的现在时和一般阅读趋势，并且 -no /- to结构在完美方面比不完美方面更典型。