It has been argued that a schola medicorum (i.e. a headquarters of physicians) existed in ancient Rome. According to this, the evidence supporting the existence of the schola is the plinth of a statue engraved with the text translata de schola medicorum, the epitaph of a scriba medicorum, and a Greek inscription dedicated by a δεκαδάρχης ἰατρῶν, but these sources present some problems when they are subjected to a critical examination. Moreover, the silence of ancient authors about this place is striking, and subsequent doubts emerge when considering that the schola medicorum is first documented in a manuscript by Pirro Ligorio. The aim of this paper is to re-examine the documentary sources that allude to the schola medicorum, assessing also the use of this expression in scientific literature from the sixteenth century, and try to determine if the written sources support the existence of such a place in ancient Rome.

有人争论说古罗马存在一个schola medicorum（即医生总部）。据此，支持学校存在的证据是刻有文字translata de schola medicorum的雕像的底座、scriba medicorum的墓志铭，以及由δεκαδìρχης ἰατρῶν 所献的希腊铭文，但这些来源存在一些问题当他们接受严格的检查时。此外，古代作家对这个地方的沉默是惊人的，考虑到schola medicorum时出现了随后的怀疑最早记载于 Pirro Ligorio 的手稿中。本文的目的是重新审视提到schola medicorum的文献资料，同时评估这种表达方式在 16 世纪科学文献中的使用，并尝试确定书面资料是否支持这样一个地方的存在在古罗马。