The promulgation of the new state-level conversion laws in India or some changes in already existing ones by ordinances is premised upon various conspiracy theories of Hindu fundamentalists against Muslims. Implicit in and placed at the centre of these new anti-conversion laws and public debates thereof is the conspiracy theory of love-jihad that Muslim men lure Hindu women on the pretext of love and get them convert to Islam to eventually outnumber the Hindu majority. This article argues that the anti-conversion laws in India result from anxieties of the dominant caste and class regarding gender and caste, leading to the imposition of the mainstream orthodox religious and political will upon the marginalized. The creation of anti-conversion laws is based on assumptions, fears, conspiracy theories, and moral and religious values primarily shared by the ‘upper-caste’ section across the political spectrum. Furthermore, it also shows a growing nexus between conservative religious forces and state apparatuses that restricts religious and social mobility of the marginalized sections through legal changes.

中文翻译：

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统治者的焦虑：印度宗教皈依政治中的法律、社会和宗教

印度颁布新的州级皈依法或通过法令对现有法律进行一些更改，都是以印度教原教旨主义者反对穆斯林的各种阴谋论为前提的。在这些新的反皈依法律及其公开辩论中，隐含并置于其中心的是爱情圣战的阴谋论，即穆斯林男子以爱为借口引诱印度教妇女，让她们皈依伊斯兰教，最终超过印度教的多数。本文认为，印度的反皈依法源于主导种姓和阶级对性别和种姓的焦虑，导致主流正统宗教和政治意愿强加于边缘化群体。反皈依法的制定是基于假设、恐惧、阴谋论、以及主要由政治光谱中的“上层种姓”部分共享的道德和宗教价值观。此外，它还显示了保守的宗教力量和国家机器之间日益增长的联系，这些国家机器通过法律变化限制了边缘化群体的宗教和社会流动性。