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Pluralized Collectives in Young Avestan: A Morphosyntactic Explanation of the Replacement of the YAv. nom.-acc.pl.n. Endings and by -āiš, and -īš
IRAN and the CAUCASUS Pub Date : 2022-07-10 , DOI: 10.1163/1573384x-20220205
Alwin Kloekhorst

This article studies Young Avestan forms in -āiš (formally instr.pl.m./n. of a-stems), (formally nom.-acc.pl.f. of ā-stems) and -īš (formally nom.pl.f. of ī-stems) that are used in contexts where neuter nom.-acc.pl. / collective forms in (a-stems) and (consonantstems) are expected. It is argued that these forms in -āiš, , and -īš are secondarily created pluralizations of original neuter collectives in reaction to the syntactic change according to which their original singular verbal concord is in Young Avestan times changed to plural verbal concord. The choice for forming these newly pluralized collectives with the endings -āiš, , and -īš lies in the fact that these are the plural variants of the singular endings (instr.sg.m./n. of a-stems), (nom.sg.f. of ā-stems) and (nom.sg.f. of ī-stems), respectively, which are formally identical to the collective neuter endings (a-stems) and (consonant-stems). The ‘collective plural’ forms in -āiš, , and -īš can thus be explained through a simple four-part analogy.

中文翻译:

Young Avestan 中的多元化集体:YAv 替换的形态句法解释。nom.-acc.pl.n. 结尾和 -āiš, 和 -īš

本文研究了 -āiš 中的年轻 Avestan 形式(正式的 instr.pl.m./n. of a-stems),(正式命名。-acc.pl.f. of ā-stems)和 -īš(正式 nom.pl.f. of ī-stems)用于中性 nom.-acc.pl 的语境。/ 集体形式(a-词干)和(辅音词干)是预期的。有人认为这些形式在 -āiš,, 和 -īš 是原始中性集体的二次创建的复数形式,以响应句法变化,根据句法变化,它们在 Young Avestan 时代的原始单数语词一致变为复数语词一致。选择以 -āiš 结尾形成这些新的多元化集体,, 和 -īš 在于这些是单数词尾的复数变体(instr.sg.m./n. of a-stems),(a-词干的 nom.sg.f.)和(ī-词干的 nom.sg.f.),分别与集体中性结尾在形式上相同(a-词干)和(辅音词干)。-āiš 中的“集体复数”形式,, 和 -īš 因此可以通过一个简单的四部分类比来解释。
更新日期:2022-07-10
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