Astragali Radix is the dry root of the leguminous plants Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch.) Bge. Var. mongholicus (Bge.) Hsiao and A. membranaceus (Fisch.) Bge. Astragali Radix is mostly used clinically as a decoction. A number of pharmacological studies show that Astragalus extract can increase telomerase activity and has antioxidation, anti-inflammatory, immune regulation, anticancer, lowering blood lipid, lowering blood sugar, and other effects. However, the anti-aging mechanism of aqueous extract from Astragali Radix (ARE) is still unclear. In this study, we evaluated the anti-aging effect of ARE on Drosophila melanogaster and investigated the underlying mechanism. The results of life span assay showed that 1.25 mg/mL of ARE can significantly prolong the life span of D. melanogaster in a natural aging model and protect against H₂O₂ and paraquat. Meanwhile, ARE can improve the climbing ability and food intake of flies. Metabolomics and the glutamate content assay suggested that ARE prevented an age-dependent increase in glutamate levels in D. melanogaster. Furthermore, ARE showed a dose-dependent effect on the scavenging ability of α, α-diphenyl-β-picrylhydrazyl in vitro. Superoxide dismutase and catalase activities in the aging group also increased after the intervention of ARE. The data and the findings described here support the notion that ARE may play a preventive role in aging by improving the climbing ability, eliminating harmful free radicals accumulated in D. melanogaster and triggering antioxidant responses.

中文翻译：

---

黄芪水提物通过抗氧化机制改善黑腹果蝇功能退化和延缓衰老

黄芪是豆科植物黄芪（Fisch.）Bge 的干燥根。变量。mongholicus (Bge.) Hsiao 和A. membranaceus (Fisch.) Bge. 黄芪临床上多用作煎剂。多项药理研究表明，黄芪提取物可提高端粒酶活性，具有抗氧化、抗炎、免疫调节、抗癌、降血脂、降血糖等作用。然而，黄芪水提物（ARE）的抗衰老机制仍不清楚。在这项研究中，我们评估了 ARE 对黑腹果蝇的抗衰老作用并研究了潜在的机制。寿命测定结果表明，1.25 mg/mL ARE可以显着延长黑腹果蝇在自然衰老模型中的寿命，并对H ₂ O ₂和百草枯具有保护作用。同时，ARE可以提高苍蝇的攀爬能力和摄食量。代谢组学和谷氨酸含量测定表明，ARE 阻止了黑腹果蝇中谷氨酸水平的年龄依赖性增加。此外，ARE在体外对α，α-二苯基-β-苦基肼的清除能力显示出剂量依赖性作用. ARE干预后，老年组的超氧化物歧化酶和过氧化氢酶活性也有所增加。这里描述的数据和发现支持这样的观点，即 ARE 可能通过提高攀爬能力、消除黑腹果蝇中积累的有害自由基和触发抗氧化反应来预防衰老。