This article explores two recent decisions issued by the Egyptian Supreme Constitutional Court (SCC) to demonstrate how the Court resolves conflicts involving Islamic and Christian law: (1) a decision to maintain the constitutionality of the wife’s obedience (ṭāʿat al-zawǧa) articles in the Personal Status Law for Christians, and (2) a decision to extend Muslim mothers’ exclusive custodial claims over children until they reach the age of 15. The article argues that the SCC takes upon itself to decide — based on its own internal logic — the normative legal positions for Christians and Muslims. The SCC rulings reinforce a vision of the Egyptian State as the exclusive holder of legal authority (walī al-amr) with the power to determine the meaning of Islamic/Christian legal norms in a court of law. In these judgments, the Egyptian State is personified as an independent jurist (muǧtahid) that can legislate on behalf of Egyptian Muslims and Christians.

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作为穆罕默德的埃及国家：埃及最高宪法法院判例中的法律和宗教

本文探讨了埃及最高宪法法院最近发布的两项裁决（SCC) 展示法院如何解决涉及伊斯兰教和基督教法律的冲突：(1) 维持妻子服从的合宪性的决定（ṭāʿat al-zawǧa) 基督徒个人地位法中的条款，以及 (2) 决定将穆斯林母亲对儿童的专属监护权延长至 15 岁。该文章认为，SCC自己决定——根据自己的内在逻辑——基督徒和穆斯林的规范性法律立场。这SCC裁决强化了埃及国家作为法律权威的唯一持有者的愿景（walī al-amr) 有权在法庭上决定伊斯兰/基督教法律规范的含义。在这些判决中，埃及国家被拟人化为一个独立的法学家（muǧtahid) 可以代表埃及穆斯林和基督徒立法。