Abstract

Over the last decade, entrepreneurship ecosystem (EE) research has become a leading field in entrepreneurship research. In this paper, we use the Regional Entrepreneurship and Development Index (REDI) methodology to analyze the EEs of 22 urban regions in Hungary. These urban regions statistically range from metropolitan agglomerations to smaller regional units with urban centers which organize their respective local economies, representing real economic entities relevant to EEs. Compared to other European regions, Hungarian urban regions perform poorly in entrepreneurship. Budapest, the leading Hungarian regions, ranks 81^st out of the 140 regions in the sample, and it also lags behind other similarly developed regions. Looking at the REDI sub-indices, Hungarian urban regions perform relatively well in Entrepreneurial Attitudes while Entrepreneurial Aspiration is the weakest component in 19 of them. At the pillar level, we have identified the strengths and the weaknesses of each region. Pinpointing local weaknesses is particularly important because they act as limitations on the operation of EEs and serve as a basis for policy interventions. While Risk Acceptance and Financing are the weakest pillars in most regions, the combinations of pillar components differ, underlining the legitimacy of case-sensitive policy interventions.

摘要

在过去十年中，创业生态系统（EE）研究已成为创业研究的领先领域。在本文中，我们使用区域创业与发展指数 (REDI) 方法来分析匈牙利 22 个城市地区的 EE。这些城市区域在统计上的范围从大都市群到具有城市中心的较小区域单元，这些城市中心组织各自的地方经济，代表与 EEs 相关的实体经济实体。与其他欧洲地区相比，匈牙利城市地区的创业表现不佳。匈牙利主要地区布达佩斯排名^{第 81}在样本的 140 个区域中，它也落后于其他类似发达的区域。从 REDI 子指数来看，匈牙利城市地区在创业态度方面表现相对较好，而创业愿望是其中 19 个指标中最弱的部分。在支柱层面，我们确定了每个地区的优势和劣势。查明当地的弱点尤为重要，因为它们限制了 EE 的运行，并作为政策干预的基础。虽然风险接受和融资是大多数地区最薄弱的支柱，但支柱组成部分的组合不同，这凸显了区分大小写的政策干预的合法性。