In our tendency to discuss the objective properties of the external world, we may fail to notice that our subjective perceptions of those properties differ between individuals. Variability at all levels of the color vision system creates diversity in color perception, from discrimination to color matching, appearance, and subjective experience, such that each of us lives in a unique perceptual world. In this review, I discuss what is known about individual differences in color perception and its determinants, particularly considering genetically mediated variability in cone photopigments and the paradoxical effects of visual environments in both contributing to and counteracting individual differences. I make the case that, as well as being of interest in their own right and crucial for a complete account of color vision, individual differences can be used as a methodological tool in color science for the insights that they offer about the underlying mechanisms of perception.

中文翻译：

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你看见我看到的了吗？人类色彩感知的多样性

在我们倾向于讨论外部世界的客观属性时，我们可能没有注意到我们对这些属性的主观看法因人而异。色觉系统各个层面的变异性造成了色彩感知的多样性，从辨别力到色彩匹配、外观和主观体验，使我们每个人都生活在一个独特的感知世界中。在这篇综述中，我讨论了关于颜色感知的个体差异及其决定因素的知识，特别是考虑到锥体感光色素的遗传介导的变异性以及视觉环境在促进和抵消个体差异方面的矛盾效应。我认为，个体差异不仅本身就令人感兴趣，而且对于完整解释色觉至关重要，而且还可以用作颜色科学的方法论工具，以提供有关感知的基本机制的见解。 。