Previous studies have documented significant differences in health and reproductive health outcomes between the poor and nonpoor across various countries in sub-Saharan Africa. However, a number of these studies is dated, and the past decade has witnessed significant shifts in health and reproductive health outcomes in many African countries. Using recent data from the Demographic and Health Surveys, this paper updates and extends the literature by examining patterns in contraceptive practice among poor and nonpoor married women in urban settings in 19 African countries. First, we analyze changes in the rich–poor gaps in modern contraceptive prevalence (mCP) in urban Africa over time. We then determine the public source of the supply of modern contraceptives to the urban poor and how that supply may have changed over a 10-year period. The findings show that, in most Eastern and Southern African countries, previous gaps in mCP between the rich and poor married women have disappeared. Countries in Central and Western Africa, however, continue to have significant gaps in mCP between rich and poor women, with urban poor women experiencing only a modest improvement in mCP over the past decade. This paper contributes to our understanding about sub-regional dynamics in reproductive health outcomes in urban settings in sub-Saharan Africa.

中文翻译：

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非洲城市的避孕药具使用：检查贫富差距趋势

以前的研究已经记录了撒哈拉以南非洲不同国家的穷人和非穷人之间的健康和生殖健康结果存在显着差异。然而，其中一些研究已经过时，过去十年见证了许多非洲国家的健康和生殖健康结果发生了重大变化。本文利用人口与健康调查的最新数据，通过检查 19 个非洲国家城市环境中贫困和非贫困已婚妇女的避孕实践模式来更新和扩展文献。首先，我们分析了非洲城市现代避孕药具普及率 (mCP) 的贫富差距随时间的变化。然后，我们确定了向城市贫民供应现代避孕药具的公共来源，以及该供应在 10 年期间可能发生的变化。研究结果表明，在大多数东部和南部非洲国家，以前贫富已婚妇女之间的 mCP 差距已经消失。然而，中非和西非国家的贫富女性在 mCP 方面仍然存在显着差距，过去十年中，城市贫困妇女的 mCP 仅略有改善。本文有助于我们了解撒哈拉以南非洲城市环境中生殖健康结果的次区域动态。