ABSTRACT

This study compares the effects of two trance texts using different language patterns, i.e., modern trance language (MTL) characterized by indirect suggestions as well as narrative style and traditional trance language (TTL) found in traditional societies (e.g., Navajo, San, Aranda aborigines, etc.) that uses multiple repetitions along with narrative sequences. The Phenomenology of Consciousness Inventory (PCI) was used to evaluate the effects of both texts regarding cognition, emotion, physical experience, and trance depth. In this randomized controlled online study, 178 participants were assigned either to the MTL group or to the TTL group. The PCI and other tests (e.g. Positive and Negative Affect Schedule, State-Trait-Anxiety Inventory) were presented to the participants before and after listening to the hypnosis audio of the respective trance text. There were no significant differences between groups concerning trance depth, emotional, and physical experience. However, on the cognitive-imaginative level it was shown that the TTL group experienced more imaginations (PCI-subdimension “visual imagery,” p = .009, d = 0.38) and less cognitive activity (PCI-subdimension “inner dialogue,” p = .002, d = 0.40) than the MTL group. The results indicate that TTL increases imagery and decreases cognitive activity to a larger extent than MTL. This further indicates the potential of TTL to facilitate more vivid and intensive trance experiences.

摘要

本研究比较了两种使用不同语言模式的恍惚文本的效果，即以间接暗示和叙事风格为特征的现代恍惚语言（MTL）和传统恍惚语言（TTL）在传统社会（例如，纳瓦霍人、桑人、阿兰达原住民等）中发现，使用多次重复和叙述序列。意识清单现象学 (PCI) 用于评估两种文本对认知、情感、身体体验和恍惚深度的影响。在这项随机对照在线研究中，178 名参与者被分配到 MTL 组或 TTL 组。PCI 和其他测试（例如正面和负面影响表、状态-特质-焦虑量表）在听各自催眠文本的催眠音频之前和之后呈现给参与者。在恍惚深度、情绪和身体体验方面，各组之间没有显着差异。然而，p = .009, d = 0.38) 和较少的认知活动 (PCI 子维度“内部对话”, p = .002, d = 0.40) 比 MTL 组。结果表明，与 MTL 相比，TTL 在更大程度上增加了意象并降低了认知活动。这进一步表明了 TTL 促进更生动和密集的恍惚体验的潜力。