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Creating contiguous service areas around points of dispensing for resource distribution during bio-emergencies
GeoInformatica ( IF 2 ) Pub Date : 2022-07-01 , DOI: 10.1007/s10707-022-00462-5
Harsha Gwalani , Chetan Tiwari , Marty O’Neill II , Armin R Mikler

Response plans in preparation for public health emergencies often involve the setup of facilities like shelters, ad-hoc clinics, etc. to serve the affected population. While public health authorities frequently have prospective facility locations, balancing the demand or population at these facilities can be challenging. Assigning populations to their closest facilities may lead to uneven distribution of demand. This research proposes a novel greedy heuristic algorithm to create service areas around given facilities such that the population to be served by each facility is uniform or proportional to available resources. This algorithm has been implemented in the context of response plans for bio-emergencies in Denton County, Texas, USA. Given the location of Points of Dispensing (PODs), the objective is to create contiguous catchment areas, each served by one POD such that demand distribution constraints are satisfied. While the demand distribution constraints are hard constraints, it is also preferred that populations are mapped to PODs as close to them as possible. A response plan defines a mapping of populations to facilities and presents a combinatorial optimization problem in which the average distance between population locations and PODs is the cost function value, and demand equity and contiguity of catchment areas are hard constraints. We present a decision support system for planners to select solutions based on the compactness of catchment areas, the average distance between populations and PODs, and execution time, given that all solutions have contiguous catchment areas and balanced demand.



中文翻译:

在生物紧急情况下在分配点周围创建连续的服务区域以分配资源

为突发公共卫生事件做准备的应对计划通常涉及设立避难所、临时诊所等设施,为受影响的人群提供服务。虽然公共卫生当局经常有潜在的设施位置,但平衡这些设施的需求或人口可能具有挑战性。将人口分配到最近的设施可能会导致需求分布不均。这项研究提出了一种新颖的贪婪启发式算法,以在给定设施周围创建服务区域,以便每个设施服务的人口是统一的或与可用资源成比例。该算法已在美国德克萨斯州丹顿县的生物紧急情况响应计划的背景下实施。鉴于分配点 (POD) 的位置,目标是创建连续的集水区,每个都由一个 POD 服务,从而满足需求分布约束。虽然需求分布约束是硬约束,但最好将人口映射到尽可能靠近它们的 POD。响应计划定义了人口到设施的映射,并提出了一个组合优化问题,其中人口位置和 POD 之间的平均距离是成本函数值,而需求公平和集水区的连续性是硬约束。我们提出了一个决策支持系统,供规划者根据集水区的紧凑性、人口与 POD 之间的平均距离以及执行时间来选择解决方案,因为所有解决方案都具有连续的集水区和平衡的需求。虽然需求分布约束是硬约束,但最好将人口映射到尽可能靠近它们的 POD。响应计划定义了人口到设施的映射,并提出了一个组合优化问题,其中人口位置和 POD 之间的平均距离是成本函数值,而需求公平和集水区的连续性是硬约束。我们提出了一个决策支持系统,供规划者根据集水区的紧凑性、人口与 POD 之间的平均距离以及执行时间来选择解决方案,因为所有解决方案都具有连续的集水区和平衡的需求。虽然需求分布约束是硬约束,但最好将人口映射到尽可能靠近它们的 POD。响应计划定义了人口到设施的映射,并提出了一个组合优化问题,其中人口位置和 POD 之间的平均距离是成本函数值,而需求公平和集水区的连续性是硬约束。我们提出了一个决策支持系统,供规划者根据集水区的紧凑性、人口与 POD 之间的平均距离以及执行时间来选择解决方案,因为所有解决方案都具有连续的集水区和平衡的需求。响应计划定义了人口到设施的映射,并提出了一个组合优化问题,其中人口位置和 POD 之间的平均距离是成本函数值,而需求公平和集水区的连续性是硬约束。我们提出了一个决策支持系统,供规划者根据集水区的紧凑性、人口与 POD 之间的平均距离以及执行时间来选择解决方案,因为所有解决方案都具有连续的集水区和平衡的需求。响应计划定义了人口到设施的映射,并提出了一个组合优化问题,其中人口位置和 POD 之间的平均距离是成本函数值,需求公平和集水区的连续性是硬约束。我们提出了一个决策支持系统,供规划人员根据集水区的紧凑性、人口与 POD 之间的平均距离以及执行时间来选择解决方案,因为所有解决方案都具有连续的集水区和平衡的需求。

更新日期:2022-07-03
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